ESP 179 Quiz 4 Flashcards by Tatum Tamura

What are the characteristics of sound (pressure)?

Speed : the speed at which sound travels
Amplitude: the magnitude of flunctuation or loudness
Frequency: rate of fluctuation or pitch/wavelengths

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What is a normal range of frequency for hearing?

Between 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz

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How do we measure sound?

Using decibels: the measurement contained in sound waves (intensity) that is measured on a logarithmic scale

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What is the outdoor and indoor standards for noise level in DBA?

Outdoor: 60-70 DBA
Indoor: 40-50 DBA

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How many dB need to change to notice differences?

Imperceptible change: 1dBA
barely change: 3 dBA
Clear change: 5 dBA
Doubling of loudness: 10 dBA

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What is the noise level characteristics used by CA and by the EPA?

(California) Community Noise Equivalent level (CNEL): An average level over 24 hours and gives a 5dB penalty for 7pm-10pm and 10dB penalty from 10pm - 7am

(EPA) Day-Ngiht noise levels (Ldn): Average over 24 hours, 10 dB penalty from 10pm-7am

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Are noise level impacts regulated locally or regionally?

locally through local noise ordinances

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For noise impacts, would the project increase in —— noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of ——-.

Ambient; standards (laid out in general plan and noise ordinance standards)

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For noise impacts, would the project result in the generation of excessive ground borne —–.

vibrations (vibrations transmitted through the ground)

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For noise impacts, would the project result in exposing people —— or —– in the project areas due to excessive noise?

residing or working

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What is the general plan when it comes to mitigating noise impacts?

Control the source, lengthen the path, and locate the receive away from the noise/shield noise.

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What is destructive interference?

Canceling out sound waves by sending out opposite waves.

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What is the FMMP?

The farmland mapping and monitoring program with maps and statistical data that analyzes impacts on California’s agricultural resources.

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What 2 agricultural resources are classified under FMMP?

Land use (irrigation and agriculture) and soil

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What are the 4 major farmland categories in FMMP?

Prime farmland: land with best combo of physical and chemical features to produce high crop yields.
Farmland of statewide importance: Good combo of things, but has shortcomings like less ability to hold moisture or more slopes.
Unique farmland: Lower-quality soil, but produces state leading agricultural crops
Farmland of local importance: Important to local agricultural economy.

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What is the land evaluation and site assessment (LESA)?

A points-based approach for rating agricultural resources based on the capability and size of the land.

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What is the Williamson Act?

AKA: California Land Conservation Act (1965) where they preserved agricultural and open spaces in exchange for tax breaks.

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What are the two types of contracts associated with agricultural resources?

Williamson Contract: property based tax on agricultural production with a 10 year contract

Farmland Security Zones (FSZ): property tax based on 65% of its Williamson act valuation with a 20 year contract.

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For agricultural impacts, would the project convert ————- (the 4 FMMP types) to non-agricultural uses.

prime farmland, unique farmland, farmland of statewide or local importance.

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For agricultural impacts, would the project conflict with existing —– for agricultural use?

zoning

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What are considered permitted/compatible uses for agriculture?

Agricultural products, hunting clubs, wineries, labor camps, recreational vehicle parks

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What are the two ways to mitigate farmland impacts?

Conservation easements: stay within the land, government help, allowable mitigations
Local mitigation programs

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What is the forest taxation reform act?

Basically Williamson for timberland, lands are zoned and tax assessments are given based on their ability to grow trees

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For agricultural impacts, would the project result in the loss of —– or conversion?

forest land

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What forestland plan falls outside of CEQA review?

Timber harvest plan

What are the mineral resources with the most concern in CEQA?

Metals, industrial minerals, and oil/gas/geothermal resources

What do geologists use to classify mineral lands?

Mineral Resource Zones (MRZs)

For mineral impacts, would the project result in the loss of minerals of ---- to the region?

value

For mineral impacts, would the project result in the loss of ------- of locally important resources that would delineate from a local general plan?

availability

What is the primary problem with getting mineral resources?

Loss of availability of resources due to land conversion

What are the types of hazards people can experience because of geology and soils?

Earthquakes, liquefaction, and landslides

What is the modified Mercalli index?

A measure of the intensity of an earthquake in terms of how strongly shaking is felt and damage potential (I = not felt X = extreme)

What is fault creep?

the slow or continuous movement occurring on faults due to tectonic deformation.

Define liquefaction.

ground failure or loss of strength that causes otherwise solid soil to behave temporarily as a viscous liquid.

What kind of soil particles are more or less prone to hazards?

Sand has the largest pores and is most susceptible, while clay being the smallest can hold more shape and liquids to prevent hazards. Silt falls in the middle of these two.

What is the difference between landslides and lateral spreading?

Landslides: down-ward slope force exceeds the strength of the Earth materials holding ground together Lateral Spreading: landslides more horizontally

What is subsidence?

The downward motion of the surface due to mining, and extractions from the earth.

The act that prevents the construction on the surface trace of active faults (using maps) is called

The Alquist-Priolo Fault Zoning Act (1972)

What is the seismic hazards mapping act of 1990?

Directs California geological survey to identify and map areas prone to hazards and requires site evaluations before construction.

For geology and soils, would the project be located on a ----- ---- that is unstable or would become unstable due to hazards?

geological unit

What are some mitigations that can be implemented for geology and soil impacts?

Use reinforced masonry, soil remediation, pile drive through soft soils, new buildings designs and etc.

For geology and soils, would the project result in substantial soil ------?

erosion

What is the SWPPP?

The stormwater pollution prevention plan that identifies measures to control erosion and sediment through best management practices.

For geology and soils, would the project be located on ----- soils?

expansive

For geology and soils, would the project have soils ---- of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or waste disposal?

incapable

What kind of tests are used for septic tanks?

Percolation tests to see if soil will drain well.

Who determines guidelines for septic tank regulations?

Counties and they may say something is significant if soils are not good for filtering, if they are too close to other septic tanks, or if there are other violations to water quality standards.

For geology and soils, would the project directly destroy a unique ---- resource?

paleontological (fossil)

How does paleontology differ from archeology?

Paleo - mostly remains of plants and NON-human remains and study of geological time before humans

What is archeology?

Study of ancient and recent HUMAN past

What is considered to be a historic resource?

A famous or important object, artifact, building. Has to be associated with events, have important history, and can be significant persons from the past.

What is the natural historic preservation act of 1996?

The act that made federal laws that established national policy to search for lands for historic preservation.

What places cannot be listed as historic?

cemeteries, reconstructed historic buildings, properties of religious institutions, etc.

For cultural resources, would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a ---- resource?

historical

For cultural resources, would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a ------ resource?

archeological

What does CHRIS stand for?

The California Historic Resource Information System that is used as a historical information system with over 9 universities that use it and maintain it.

Is access to CHRIS unlimited?

No, access is restricted to prevent vandalism

What do you do if you think there is a resource (historical or cultural) on a project area?

evaluate impacts, preserve resources, excavate resource, and record and document the resource.

For cultural resources, would the project disturb any ------ remains?

human

What happens if human remains are found on a job site?

All disturbance is stopped until the county coroner is contacted.

What is AB 52?

Tribes are on the notice list in projects and agencies must consult with tribes when requested.