ESM (EUROPEAN SINGLE MARKET)

Question 1

Who are the 6 founding states ?

Answer 1

France, Italy, Belgium, West Germany, Luxembourg, Netherlands

Question 2

What are the Copnehagen criterias (to enter EU)

Answer 2

• Stable instituion (democracy)
• Functionning market economy able to cope with competition
• Ability to implement new obligation- adhere

Then after the Copenhagen criterias, you proceed on negociations on the 25 chapters in the Acquis Communautaires

Question 3

What is the Shuman declaration ?

Answer 3

Funding text of EU
9 mai 1950 (now is known as the EU day)
Wanted to unite EU to have uunity against soviet union and wanted to rebuild their economy.

Question 4

What is the Treaty of Paris ?

Answer 4

1952
Formation of the EU coal and steel community. Allowed it’s free movement without taxes and duties

This economic sector was sector of rivalry between France and Germany so creation of a commmon market was a way to end it (following Schuman plan)

Question 5

What is the treaty of Rome ?

Answer 5

1958
DIfference between the treaty of Paris is that this one was for an unlimited period.

Establishement of 2 committees (EEC and European Atomic Energy community)

Establishment of 3 policies (CAP - Common Trade policy and Common Transport policy)

Question 6

What is the treaty of Brussels (Merger treaty) ?

Answer 6

1967
Established a single council and single comission of EU communities (merging commitees )
ECSC-EEC-Euratom = council of European communities

Question 7

EU flag - what does the 12 stars represents ?

Answer 7

Adopted in 1985
Refers to unity and identity in different traditions (12 months of year, apostle…)

Question 8

What is the EU single European Act (SEA)

Answer 8

1987
2 comittees : Dooge (cooperation) and Adonnio (identity Europe)
Objective of the white paper
AMBITIONS to complete internal market by 1993, more political integration, institutional changes (more power to parliament, CFI creation (general court), European council)

Question 9

What is the treaty of Maastricht (treaty of the European union)

Answer 9

1993
why : End of communism in eastern europe - fall of Berlin wall and so reunification of Germany

3 PILLARS

European communities (supranational pillar)
Common foreign and security policy (now decisions are really more in the hands of MS)
Justice and home affairs (created Europol)

INTRODUCTION OF COMMON CURRENCY
(Eurozone)
SUBSIDIARITY PRINCIPLE (now, supranational power )
CITIZENSHIP OF THE UNION (travel freely in EU )

Question 10

What is the Amsterdam Treaty

Answer 10

1999
Treaty amending the treaty of the European Union (maastricht)

Basically wanted to adapt institution to accomodate enlargement of the bloc

Schengen agreement

reinforcing the pillars in many ways

Question 11

What is the Treaty of Nice ?

Answer 11

2003
Leftovers of the treaty of Amsterdam and prep for biggest enlargement ever

Eu parliament seat increased
Voting system in the council now weighted in terms of pop
President of Comission and Commisionners were now designated by qualified majority

Question 12

What happened in 2009 ??

Answer 12

TREATY OF LISBON BABY

Signed by 27 countries

• European parliament power increased now same level as council (CREATION OF OLP AS DEFAULT PROCEDURE & now 73 policies before 33)
• EU council now recognized as an EU institution
• Charter of fundamentals rights
• New majority voting rules to approve new council legislation majority
• formal withdraw procedure
• Court of justice (extended to all eu policy aera (except Foreign and Security policy)
• 3 PILLARS STRUCTURED ABANDONNED’ NOW COMPETENCES :
  ( Exclusive, shared, supporting)
• All policies on border controls, sylium,immigration became EU competence and not intergoverment

Question 13

What’s the CoFoE (Conferance on the future of Europe )

Answer 13

President Ursula and Antonio Costa (portu PM)
2021
Encourage European citizen to debate and recommend (citizen pannel)
National and Eu parliament representatives and citizens (108 coming from 27 countries and 1-3 needs to be younger than 25 )

Question 14

Lobbying OECD position on it (integrity principles

Answer 14

It is necessary to upgrade transpiracy and Integraty principles on lobbying.
- Abuse of lobbying can undermine citizen trust
- Rise of digital make trust difficult btw gov and companies
- Stakholders are not given enough info or involved too late in process

Question 15

What are the treaties in order hihi ?

Answer 15

• Shuman declaration
• Treaty of Paris
• Treaty of Rome
• Treaty of Brussels
• Single European Act
• Treaty of Maastricht
• Treaty of Amsterdam
• Treaty of Nice
• Treaty of Lisbon