Erysipelas Flashcards
Define Erysipelas?
Relatively common bacterial infection of the superficial layer of the skin
What is the main cause of Erysipelas?
Occurs when Group A streptococcus bacteria penetrate the outer barrier of your skin
What are some other causes of Erysipelas?
Ulcers in the skin Surgical Incisions Insect Bites Certain skin conditions such as psoriasis Swollen legs Injection of illegal drugs
What is the epidemiology of Erysipelas?
Younger children (especially 2 to 6 yrs old) and adults over 60 are more likely to develop Erysipelas
What are the presenting symptoms of Erysipelas?
Fever Chills Generally feeling unwell A red, swollen and painful area of skin with a raised edge Blisters on the affected area Swollen Glands
How is Erysipelas distinguished clinically?
By raised and well demarcated borders
What are the possible complications of Erysipelas?
Abscess
Gangrene
Thrombophlembitis
Chronic Leg Swelling
What investigations can we do for Erysipelas
Raised WCC
Raised C-reactive protein
Positive blood culture identifying the organism
MRI and CT are undertaken in case of deep infection
What is the general treatment for Erysipelas?
Cold packs and analgesics to relieve local discomfort
Elevation of an infected limb to reduce local swelling
Compression Stockings
Wound care with saline dressings that are frequently changed
What is the medical treatment of Erysipelas?
Oral or IV penicllin is the first line treatment
Erythromycin, roxithromycin or pristinamycin may be used in patients with penicillin allergy
Vancomycin is used for facial erysipelas caused by MRSA
Treatment is usually for 10-14 days
What is the prognosis for Erysipelas?
Signs of general illness resolve within a day or two
Skin changes may take some weeks
Long-term preventive treatment with penicillin is often required for recurrent attacks of Erysipelas
