Eczema Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Eczema?

A

A pruritic papulovesicular skin reaction to endogenous and exogenous agents

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2
Q

What are the different types of Exogenous Eczema?

A

Irritants (e.g. nappy rash)
Contact (delayed type 4 hypersensitivity reaction to an allergen)
Atopic

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3
Q

What are the different types of Endogenous Eczema?

A
Atopic 
Seborrhoeic
Pompholyx (a type of eczema that affects the hands and feet)
Varicose 
Lichen Simplex
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4
Q

What is varicose eczema is due to?

A

Increased venous pressure in lower limbs

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5
Q

What is the epidemiology of Eczema?

A

Contact - prevalence: 4%

Atopic - onset in first year of life, childhood incidence: 10-20%

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6
Q

What are the presenting symptoms of Eczema?

A
Itching
Heat
Tenderness
Redness
Weeping
Crusting
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7
Q

What do we ask about for an Eczema history?

A

Ask about occupational exposure to irritants (e.g. bleach)

Ask about personal/family history of atopy (e.g. asthma, hay fever)

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8
Q

What are the signs of Acute Eczema?

A

Poorly demarcated erythematous oedmatous dry scaling patches
Papules
Vesicles with exudation and crusting
Excoriation marks

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9
Q

What are the signs of chronic eczema?

A

Thickened epidermis
Skin lichenificiation
Fissures
Change in pigmentation

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10
Q

What does Atopic Eczema mainly affect?

A

Face and Flexures

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11
Q

What are the signs of Seborrhoeic Eczema?

A

Yellow greasy scales on erythematous plaques

Commonly found on eyebrows, scalp, presternal area

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12
Q

What are the signs of Pompholyx Eczema on physical examination?

A

Vesiculobullous eruption on palms and soles

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13
Q

What are the signs of Varicose Eczema on physical examination?

A

Associated with marked varicose veins

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14
Q

What are the signs of Nummular Eczema on physical examination?

A

Coin shaped, on legs and trunk

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15
Q

What are the signs of Asteatotic Eczema on physical examination?

A

Dry, Crazy paring pattern

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16
Q

What investigation would you do for Contact Eczema?

A

Skin patch testing - a disc containing allergens is diluted and applied on the skin for 48 hrs
It is positive if it causes a red raised lesion