Errors in Meiosis

Question 1

mistakes in meiosis

Answer 1

Too many or not enough chromosomes which can lead to genetic disorders

Chromosomes may have errors on the chromosome that can lead to new traits being expressed

Question 2

define mutations in meiosis

Answer 2

When DNA is damaged or changed so that the code carried by that gene is no longer the same

Question 3

define a karyotype

Answer 3

profile of organism’s chromosomes to diagnose
genetic disorders

Best photographed during late prophase or Metaphase
→A karyotype usually shows 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes

Question 4

what are autosomes

Answer 4

• chromosome that is not involved in determining the gender of an organism
• Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes

Question 5

what is a sex chromosome

Answer 5

chromosome that determines the gender of an organism
Humans have 1 pair of sex chromosomes
Males: XY
Females: XX

Question 6

what is a non-disjunction error in meiosis

Answer 6

Caused by the improper separation of chromosomes during either MEIOSIS I or MEIOSIS II

Monosomy - Having only 1 copy of a particular chromosome where there should be a homologous pair.

Trisomy –Occurs when there are 3 chromosomes in place of one homologous pair.

Question 7

Chromosomal errors in meiosis

Answer 7

Deletions:
→ Sections of DNA are missing

Duplications:
→ Sections of DNA are duplicated

Inversions:
→Sections of DNA are attached in reverse order

Translocations:
→ Sections of DNA are reattached to the wrong chromosome (non-homologous)