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A Level - Geography - Coasts > Erosion, Deposition and Weathering > Flashcards

Erosion, Deposition and Weathering Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 main geomorphic processes?

A

Erosion
Deposition
Weathering

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2
Q

Definition of erosion:

A

Wearing down and removal of rocks by moving forces

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3
Q

Definition of weathering:

A

Breakdown of rock by its environment and sub aerial forces (remains on site)

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4
Q

What are sub aerial forces?

A

Rain
Air
Temperature

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5
Q

What are the 3 types of weathering (with causes) ?

A

Biological (Caused by plants and animals)
Chemical (Caused by chemical reactions)
Physical(Break each other down)

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6
Q

What are the 5 types of erosion?

A 
Hydraulic Action
Abrasion
Attrition
Solution
Quarrying/Pounding
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7
Q

Describe the order of headland erosion

A 
Crack 
Notch
Cave
Blow Hole
Arch 
Stack
Stump
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8
Q

Define solution (erosion)

A

Minerals (magnesium) dissolve in coastal rock

Only significant if water pH is acidic or polluted

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9
Q

Define hydraulic action (erosion)

A

Waves break against cliff face
Air and water in cracks becomes compressed
When wave retreats, pressure releases and crack widens

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10
Q

Define abrasion (erosion)

A

Waves containing rock particles rub against a surface

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11
Q

Define attrition (erosion)

A

Rocks collide with each other and become smaller and smoother

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12
Q

What are the 6 main depositional landforms?

A 
Spit
Bayhead beach
Tombolo
Bar
Hooked spit
Cuspate foreland
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13
Q

What is a spit?

A

Sand or shingle beach extending beyond turn in coastline

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14
Q

What is a bayhead beach?

A

Almost full circle beach

Waves break 90 degrees to shoreline

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15
Q

What is a tombolo?

A

Sand/shingle bar that attaches coastline to offshore land (Tenby)

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16
Q

What is a bar?

A

San or shingle beach connecting two areas of land with shallow lagoon behind

17
Q

What is a hooked spit?

A

Sand/shingle beach extends beyond turn in coastline

18
Q

What is a cuspate foreland?

A

Triangle shape extending out from shoreline

19
Q

What are the two main types of coastline?

A

Discordant

Concordant

20
Q

Discordant Coastline

A

Occurs when different rock types are perpendicular to coastline
Softer rock more heavily eroded

21
Q

Concordant Coastline

A

Different rock types are parallel to coastline

Harder rock protects softer rock

22
Q

What are aeloian processes?

A

Landscapes influenced by the wind

Erosion and transportation increase

23
Q

What are fluvial processes?

A

Processes within the river

More erosion = more sediment

A Level - Geography - Coasts (12 decks)

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