Erickson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development

Question 1

Trust vs. Mistrust

Answer 1

0-18 Months (Infant)
Infants learn if the world is hostile or friendly based on if needs are met.

Question 2

Autonomy vs. Shame

Answer 2

18 Months - 3 Years (Toddler)
Toddlers are given opportunities to show control over their own world, and develop a sense of independence or sense of shame in their abilities.

Question 3

Initiative vs. Guilt

Answer 3

3-6 Years (Preschooler)
If a child is supported in attempts to initiate activities, they develop a confidence in decision making. If a child is criticized or prevented from making decisions, they develop guilt, anxiousness, and fear.

Question 4

Industry vs. Inferiority

Answer 4

6-12 Years (Grade Schooler)
Children who master knowledge and social skills develop a sense of competence. Children who have problems learning social skills may develop a sense of inadequacy.

Question 5

Identity vs. Role Confusion

Answer 5

12-18 Years (Adolescent)
Adolescents who determine who they are and their strengths and weaknesses develop a strong sense of self. Adolescents with a weak sense of self are unsure of how they fit into the world.

Question 6

Intimacy vs. Isolation

Answer 6

18-35 Years (Young Adult)
Young adults who develop strong, healthy relationships that are open and warm. Young adults who are unable to establish close, loving relationships end up isolated.

Question 7

Generativity vs. Stagnation

Answer 7

35-65 Years (Middle ages)
Middle aged adults who take an active role in society establish feelings of usefulness and accomplishment. Middle aged adults who do not develop a connection to the world and are self absorbed experience frustration and depression.

Question 8

Integrity vs. Despair

Answer 8

65 and up (Senior Citizens)
Adults who reflect on their life, evaluate them favorably, and believe that life was successful and meaningful develop integrity. Those who look back and are dissatisfied because of their regrets experience anger or depression.