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Psychiatry > Eric's study guide > Flashcards

Eric's study guide Flashcards

1
Q

mood stabilizer for kids

A

depakote

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2
Q

mood stabilizer for pregnant woman with mania

A

atypicals

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3
Q

mood stabilizer for woman with h/o postpartum mania

A

lithium ppx but it is contraindicated in breastfeeding

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4
Q

MDD prevalence in general population and in elderly

A

16%

25-50%

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5
Q

risk for MDD if your MZ twin has it

A

70%

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6
Q

there is reduced blood flow in this region of the brain in MDD

A

frontal lobe

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7
Q

_____ % of MDD pts commit suicide

A

15%

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8
Q

treat all personality disorders with psychotherapy except borderline (DBT) and antisocial

A

yep

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9
Q

interaction between EtOH and H2 blockers

A

increased EtOH levels

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10
Q

EtOH + NSAIDs –>

A

GI bleeding

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11
Q

EtOH + acetaminophen/INH –>

A

hepatotoxicity

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12
Q

EtOH + metronidazole/sulfa drugs –>

A

N/V

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13
Q

what’s in a banana bag

A

thiamine, folate, MVI, MgSO4, IVF

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14
Q

______ and _______ both decreased alcohol cravings

A

naltrexone (opioid receptor blocker) and acamprosate (increase GABA/decreased glutamate)

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15
Q

benzos increase GABA ______

barbiturates increase GABA _________

A

frequency

duration

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16
Q

what to give for benzo OD

A

flumazenil

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17
Q

what to give for barbiturate OD

A

IV NaHCO3

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18
Q

what is GHB?

A

sodium oxybate, common date rape drug
CNS depressant: memory loss, respiratory distress, coma
can be used to treat cataplexy

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19
Q

inhalants _______ (excite/depress) the CNS

A

depress

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20
Q

death due to inhalants is usually due to _____ or ______

A

respiratory depression or arrhythmia

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21
Q

2 weak stimulants

A

caffeine, nicotine

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22
Q

cocaine blocks reuptake of _____ and _______

A

DA (reward system) and NE (vasoconstriction)

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23
Q

tx for cocaine intoxication
mild
severe

A

mild- benzos

severe- haldol

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24
Q

cocaine + _______ results in 24x mortality of cocaine alone

A

alcohol due to cocaethylene metabolite

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25
Q

cocaine dependence is purely _________ and withdrawal may cause severe ______

A

psychological

depression and SI

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26
Q

amphetamines block ___________ reuptake and cause _______ release

A

DA/NE

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27
Q

amphetamine OD can cause these sxs

A

hyperthermia, dehydration, rhabdo and renal failure

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28
Q

assoc with clubs and raves; sense of closeness

A

MDMA- ecstasy and eve

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29
Q

caffeine MOA

A

adenosine antagonist, PDE blocker

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30
Q

nicotine withdrawal tx

A

varenicline (chantix), bupropion (zyban) are partial nicotinic agonists; also gum and patch

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31
Q

nicotine in pregnancy causes

A

low birth weight

chronic pulmonary hypertension

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32
Q

the only opioid that causes pupil dilation

A

demerol

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33
Q

_____ and ______ are false negative opioids

A

methadone

oxycodone

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34
Q

tx for moderate opiate w/d

A 
CLIP
clonidine
loperamide
ibuprofen
promethazine
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35
Q

PCP and ketamine MOA

A

NMDA antagonist

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36
Q

tx for Alzheimer’s:
mild to moderate
moderate to severe

A
  • AChE inhibitors

- NMDA antagonist like memantine

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37
Q

ppl with Down syndrome are increased risk of this form of dementia

A

Alzheimer’s

-triple ApoE expression –> inevitable AD by age 40

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38
Q

3 most common causes of dementia

A

Alzheimer’s
vascular
Lewy body

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39
Q

pts with this type of dementia are especially sensitive to antipsychotics

A

Lewy body

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40
Q

how to treat HIV associated dementia

A

HAART

41
Q

pellagra

A 
vitamin B3 (niacin) deficiency --> 3 Ds
diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia
42
Q

tx for pseudodementia

A

supportive psychotherapy + low dose SSRI

if depression + low appetite + insomnia –> mirtazapine

43
Q

5 stages of grief

A

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

44
Q

normal grief lasts < _________

A

2 months

may have illusions but no delusions, hallucinations, or SI

45
Q

complicated grief lasts > _______

A

6 months

46
Q

mental retardation is IQ < _______

A

70

47
Q

mental retardation causes

  • most common cause
  • most common genetic
  • most common inherited
A
  • MCC fetal alcohol syndrome
  • MC genetic- Down syndrome
  • MC inherited- fragile X
48
Q

ToRCHeS can cause MR

A 
Toxoplasmosis
Rubella
CMV
Herpes simplex 
Syphilis
49
Q

partial deletion of 15q

MR/DD, obesity, hypogonadism, almond eyes

A

Prader Willi

50
Q

X linked CGG trinucleotide repeat in FMR1 gene

-males, MR, macrognathia, macroorchidism

A

fragile X

51
Q

drug tx for ADHD

A

first line is stimulants (ex. methylphenidate, amphetamine, etc)
second line is atomoxetine and clonidine/guanfacine

52
Q

autism spectrum disorder is assoc with problems of (3 things)
must be present before age ______

A
  • social interaction
  • communication
  • repetitive/stereotyped patterns of behavior
  • present before age 3
53
Q

good prognosis for autism

A

intelligence

communication

54
Q

MECP2 on the X chromosome is implicated in _____

normal development –> decreased head circumference, ataxia, decreased language skills, hang wringing

A

Rett

55
Q

childhood disintegrative disorder starts around age ______ and occurs more in ____ (boys/girls)

  • increased rate of seizures
  • what’s the tx?
A

age 2
boys
supportive tx

56
Q

tourette’s is assoc with these two comorbid dxs

A

OCD

ADHD

57
Q

drug tx for enuresis (bed wetting after age 5)

A

DDAVP then imipramine

58
Q

MCC enuresis and encopresis

A

enuresis-stress

encopresis-constipation with overflow incontinence

59
Q

Puerto Rican culturally-bound trance disorder that consists of convulsive movements, fainting, crying, and visual problems

A

Ataque de nervios

60
Q

intermittent explosive disorder tx

A

SSRIs
Li
propranolol

61
Q

Sleep EEG waveforms

A

BATS Drink Blood – Beta (awake), Alpha (resting), Theta (1), Sleep spindles and K complexes (2), Delta (3⁄4), Beta (REM)

62
Q

narcolepsy- loss of neurons that secrete _______

A

hypocretin

63
Q

tx for narcolepsy

  • day time sleepiness
  • cataplexy
A
  • sleepiness –> stimulants like modafinil

- cataplexy –> sodium oxybate (GHB)

64
Q

neurotic defenses

A

RIDICulous – Rationalization, Reaction formation, Repression, Intellectualization, Displacement, Isolation of affect, Controlling

65
Q

cyp450 inducers

A

smoking, carbamazepine, barbiturates, St. John’s wort

66
Q

CYP450 inhibitors

A

fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, paroxetine, duloxetine, sertraline

67
Q

SSRI with most GI distress

A

sertraline

68
Q

SSRI with most anticholinergic

A

paroxetine

-also shortest half life

69
Q

amitriptylene (Elavil) can have strong _________ side effects

A

anticholinergic

70
Q

this TCA has the fewest anti-HAM side effects

A

nortriptylene

71
Q

metabolite of loxapine, only antidepressant that can cause EPS

A

amoxapine (TCA)

72
Q

very sedating TCA, can be used to tx OCD

A

clomipramine (anafranil)

73
Q

TCA with ↑rate of seizures, arrhythmias, and fatality w/ OD

A

Maprotiline (Ludiomil)

74
Q

low potency first gen APDs and their side effects

A

chlorpromazine (thorazine)- corneal pigmentation, photosensitivity
thioridazine- retinal pigmentation leading to night blindness

75
Q

mid potency first gen APDs and their side effects

A

loxapine- increased seizures
thiothixene- ocular pigmentation
trifluoperazine- decreased anxiety
perphenazine

76
Q

high potency first gen APDs

A

haldol
fluphenazine
pimozide

77
Q

metabolite of risperidone

A

Paliperidone (Invega)

78
Q

second gen APD most likely to cause akathisia

A

abilify

79
Q

geodon needs food to be activated in the body (T/F)

A

T

80
Q

if lithium level is > _______, do hemodialysis

A

4.0

81
Q

Lithium × HTN

A

Tx Ca2+-channel blockers

82
Q

mood stabilizers that can cause SJS

A

lamictal and carbamazepine

83
Q

mood stabilizer with weight loss, cognitive slowing, kidney stones

A

topamax

84
Q

lamictal can _______ depakote levels

A

decrease

85
Q

benzo half life from longest to shortest

A

diazepam, clonazepam > alprazolam, lorazepam, oxazepam, temazepam > triazolam, midazolam

86
Q

sodium bicarb is used for _____ and ______ overdose

A

barbiturate and TCA

87
Q

5-HT1A partial agonist given for anxiety, useful in alcoholics

A

buspirone (buspar)

88
Q

stimulant that has ↓appetite suppression and insomnia, but ↑hepatotoxicity and SI in adolescents

A

atomoxetine

89
Q

4 Ds of malpractice

A

Deviation (neglect) from Duty that was the Direct cause of Damage

90
Q

Parens patriae:

A

protecting citizens who can’t care for themselves

one of the bases for the 302

91
Q

Glossolalia

A

ability to speak a new language suddenly

92
Q

repetitive, meaningless talking

A

Verbigeration

93
Q

Circumlocution

A

substitution of a word or description for a word that can’t be recalled (e.g. “that thing you write with”)

94
Q

headache, fatigue, and visual disturbances in African male students

A

Brain fag

95
Q

Portugese d/o with numbness,

tremors, paralysis, convulsions, stroke, heart attack

A

Sangue dormido

96
Q

windigo

A

Native American d/o regarding possession by a demon that murders and eats human flesh

97
Q

Autoscopic psychosis

A

VH of transparent phantom of one’s own body, aka doppleganger

98
Q

lycanthropy

A

delusion that one is a werewolf (or another animal)

99
Q

depression tx response to antidepressants, ECT, placebo

A

around 70% for antidepressants and ECT

30% for placebo

Psychiatry (4 decks)

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