Ergonomic Risk Factors Flashcards
What is WMSD?
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders
What are the seven work-related musculoskeletal disorder risk factors?
Duration, compression, posture, vibration, force, repetition, cold temperature
What is the WMSD duration risk factor?
The length of time performing the task. Short duration <1 hour. Moderate duration 1-2 hours. Long duration <2 hours. The goal is to avoid long duration activities to encourage the daily repair of muscles, tendons, ligaments, and nerves. The longer the duration, the greater the exposure, the greater the risk.
What is the WMSD compression risk factor?
AKA mechanical compression and contact stress. any outside object coming in contact with the body causes compression. Items such as a hard edge, sharp surface, corner, or excessive weight can cause damage to the body’s soft tissues (nerves, tendons, blood vessels, etc.).
What is the WMSD posture risk factor?
A neutral posture is one where the joint is at zero deviation. Goal is to design for neutral postures
- No bending
- No twisting
- No extended reaching
- Avoid maintaining the same posture for extended periods of time
What is the WMSD vibration risk factor?
Vibration is as an oscillation of a mass around a reference point. This can cause injury due to interference of blood flow as well as mechanical trauma to the body
What is segmental vibration?
Gripping a vibrating tool for extended periods of time. It reduces the blood flow to the fingers.
What is whole body vibration?
Standing or sitting on a vibrating surface. Results in muscle fatigue and contractions.
What is the WMSD force risk factor?
Force involves the use of power or exertion. Examples include Pushing, pulling, lifting heavy objects; Using hand tools/fingers to shape materials.
What is the WMSD repetition risk factor?
Performing the same task over and over. Using same set of muscles. Goal is to avoid repetitive motions especially hand/arm tasks where the cycle time is less than 30 seconds.
What is the WMSD cold risk factor?
Cold temperatures reduce blood flow throughout the body and decreases tactile feedback. Reduced blood flow minimizes the nutrients that travel to the muscles. Reduced tactile feedback will cause the hands to work harder than they have to
