ergogenic supplements

Question 1

How do physicians view supplements?

Answer 1

dont do it, better safe not doing it than be sorry

Question 2

How do athletes view supplements?

Answer 2

do it or youll be sorry and that doctors dont know what they are talking about

Question 3

What are the most common supplements?

Answer 3

creatine, protein powder, caffeine, vit c, ginsen, amino acids, vit e, MVI, zinc, copper, magnesium

Question 4

What are the 2 common and mostly safe (and sometimes effect) ergogenic supplements?

Answer 4

caffeine and creatine

Question 5

What is creatinine, what does it do?

Answer 5

found in skeletal muscle and enhances regeneration of ATP (allows you to lift more weight)

Question 6

Does creatine effect anaerobic or aerobic excercise?

Answer 6

anaerobic, it onlyy works for high-intesity, short duration power training…. it has no effect on endurance exercise or VO2max

Question 7

If you take creatining w/out doing anything else can you get ripped?

Answer 7

no, it has no value by itself.

Question 8

What are the potential side effects of creatine?

Answer 8

GI and muscle cramping, water retention, weight gain, potential muscle tears

Question 9

What is the most widely consumed dug in the world and what does it do?

Answer 9

caffeine

increased time to fatigue, increased lipolysis, glycogen sparing, FFA mobilization

Question 10

Who will caffeine benefit?

Answer 10

trained athleates

Question 11

Is there such a thing as caffeine toxicity?

Answer 11

yes and it is often undiagnosed

Question 12

What are these:
anabolic steroids
HMB (beta-hydroxy-beta methylbutyrate)
human growth hormone
Erythropoietin (EPO)
stimulants (amphetamines)

Answer 12

Dangerous and illegal ergogenic supplements

Question 13

What is this:
Effective (strength, power, recovery)
Dangerous (acne, testicular atrophy, liver cancer, rage and depression)
Difficult to detect because of 
  stacking regimens
Inevitable (Olympic survey)

Answer 13

anabolic steroids

Question 14

What is this:
banned by FDA, can be converted to estrogen or testosterone. Gives you increased levels of IGF-1, GH secretion. Gives you increased muscle mass/ well being, decreased fat mass in sedentary middle aged subjects (if they excercise). Not really helpful until after 30.

Answer 14

DHEA

Question 15

What is this:
metabolite of leucine
decreases catabolism, regulates protein metabolism
no evidence of improved performance or strength BUT gives you aesthetic enhancement in body building.

Answer 15

HMB (beta hydroxy beta menthylbutyrate)

Question 16

What is this:
effective (increased muscle mass and strength, decreased body fat)
available synthetically
dangerous (acromegaly, cardiomyopathy, diabetes)
impossible to detect until recently.

Answer 16

Human Growth Hormone

Question 17

what is this:
effective (stimulates RBC formation, increased oxygen carrying capacity)
dangerous (stroke, MI)
difficult (but not impossible) to detect
inevitable (better dead than second)

Answer 17

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Question 18

How do you test for EPO use?

Answer 18

you check out hematocrit levels

Question 19

To have the most effective aerobic exercise how should you train?

Answer 19

you sleep at high altitudes, and work out at low altitudes

Question 20

What are these:
effective (physical power, mental edge, loss of body fat)
side effects (headaches, sleep loss, anxiety)
dangerous (MI, hyperthermia)
easy to detect
illegal in most sports and federations

Answer 20

amphetamines

Question 21

What is sodium citrate/bicarbonate expected to do?

Answer 21

buffer the lactic acidosis you during exercise to increase time till fatigue

Question 22

What does this?

shifts oxygen dissociation curve to right thus releases oxygen to your muscles more easily

Answer 22

sodium phosphate

Question 23

What does glutamine do?

Answer 23

cellular repair, enhanced immunity

Question 24

What does NO do?

Answer 24

its a muscle pump and triggers increased blood flow via arginine and alpha keto glutarate

Question 25

What does DMAA do?

Answer 25

causes BV to dialate (combo of amphetamines and viagra)

Question 26

What are two genes that are being used for genetic engineering to improve performance?

Answer 26

GW1516-> peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor agonist (conversion of type II to type I myofibers)

AICAR-> AMP activated protein kinase, increased adenosine availability (increased levels of glycogen, GLUT4, mitochondrial enzymes)

Question 27

What are these:
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (0.1 – 4.8%)
DHEA
Tamoxifen (53% of bodybuilders)
hGH (0.1 – 0.2%)
Ephedra (26%, higher than 
	men, weight loss)
Creatine (0.4%)

Answer 27

ergogenic supplement used by women

Question 28

Sometimes there is inadvertant doping, what 5 drugs are used in this?

Answer 28

Ephedra, Ma Huang
Methylhexaneamine (DMAA)
Anabolic steroids (15%)
Clenbuterol
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs)

Question 29

What drug does this:

beta agonist that allows for opening of airways and builds muscles.

Answer 29

clenbuterol

Question 30

What drug does this:

orally taken drugs that have selective effects on muscles

Answer 30

SARMS (selective androgen receptor modulators)

Question 31

Nutritional supplements that are safe mostly don’t work.

T or F

Answer 31

T

Question 32

Nutritional supplements that work are mostly dangerous and/or illegal.
T or F

Answer 32

T