Common sites of PVD

Question 1

What are the three common sites of PVD?

Answer 1

1) aortoiliac (below renal arteries to inguinal ligaments)
2) femoralpopiteal (from inguinal ligaments to popliteal fossa)
3) distal (tibial

Question 2

What are the three clinical categories of PVD?

Answer 2

asymptomatic
claudication
threatened limb (rest pain. tissue loss)

Question 3

If an individual is a smoker with PVD what should you suspect?

Answer 3

atherosclerosis

Question 4

What is this:
bilateral buttock, thigh, leg claudication
impotence

Answer 4

leriche syndrome

Question 5

What is a good way to resolve claudication?

Answer 5

stop smoking and exercise

Question 6

What are the 5 p’s of acute ischemia?

Answer 6

pulseless
pallor
paralysis
painful
parasthesias

Question 7

There is a large (blank) that communicates w. circumflex iliac into common femoral artery

Answer 7

iliolumbar branch

Question 8

There is an anastomotic connection B/w inferior gluteal artery and branches of (blank)

Answer 8

profundus femorus (meidal and lateral circumflex )

Question 9

What part of the femoral artery turns into the popliteal artery?

Answer 9

superficial femoral artery (becomes popliteal once it goes through adductor magnus hiatus)

Question 10

What is the most commonly occluded vessel in the body?

Answer 10

the superficial femoral artery

Question 11

The superficial femoral artery collaterals with the profunda femoris via the (blank)

Answer 11

descending branch of the lateral circumflex

Question 12

What besides the obturator artery supplies the adductor compartment?

Answer 12

the perforating vessels of the profunda femoris

Question 13

What is the A/A index?

Answer 13

the ratio b/w the BP taken in the arm and the BP taken in the ankle

Question 14

if the A/A index is lower, is this more or less severe?

Answer 14

low index= more severe

Question 15

So there are three arteries to the foot, how many have to be occluded for you to lose your foot?

Answer 15

you have to lose all three

Question 16

What can A fib do to your femoral artery?

Answer 16

you can get a clot in the left auricle which will result in an embolis at the bifurcation of the femoral artery

Question 17

Where do you most commonly get compartment syndrome in your leg? What nerve is found here? What would happen if damage this nerve?

Answer 17

anterior compartment
peroneal nerve
foot drop

Question 18

What is the most sensitive area in the body to ischemia?

Answer 18

nervous tissue

Question 19

What is this:
cramping with use (flow rate to lower extremities 220 CC /min, can go up indefinitely with exercise)-> flow rate at rest is fine but as soon as they get up and walk they cannot augument flow rates accurately to nourish the muscles which is felt as pain or stiffness.

Answer 19

claudication

Question 20

What is this:
(specific for vascular disease)-> occurs in the foot even when they are sitting around. If you hang the foot down it augments the blood flow a little bit, if you are lying with your foot up it makes it worse

Answer 20

Rest pain

Question 21

What is this:

ischemia always occurs in the tips of the toes first, always occurs most distal to the process

Answer 21

ischemic necrosis

Question 22

What is this:
lack of sensation in the foot resulting in wearing shoes that don’t fit or putting pressure where it shouldn’t be which results in a ulcer (happens with diabetes)

Answer 22

neuropathic ulcer

Question 23

What is this:

always occur above the malleoli, never in the toes. When your valves aren’t working you get back flow

Answer 23

venous ulcer

Question 24

What is this:
used to describe tissue that is dead. This is a venous ulcer. (greater saphenous vein communicates with deep vein via perforators, when these valves aren’t working you get these ulcers)

Answer 24

Frank Gangrene

Question 25

How do you know someone has claudication?

Answer 25

hurts with use

Question 26

How do you know someone has a threatened limb?

Answer 26

they have rest pain or tissue loss

Question 27

If your feet or something look well nourished or normal but have an ulcer what kind of ulcer do they have?

Answer 27

they have neuropathic ulcer

Question 28

What makes up the pedal pulse?

Answer 28

posterior tibial pulse and dorsalis pedis pulse

Question 29

HOw do you grade a pulse?

Answer 29

out of 4

Question 30

What is important about doing a saphenous vein graft?

Answer 30

you need to reverse it so that your valves will continue to prevent backflow.

Question 31

Veins dilate due to increased (blank)

Answer 31

increased blood flow

Question 32

Veins thickens due to increased (blank)

Answer 32

pressure