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Block 4; Week 3 > Ergogenic Supplements > Flashcards

Ergogenic Supplements Flashcards

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1
Q

T/F Most athletes have such a strong ethical objection to performance enhancing drugs that 98% of them said in a survey that they would never consume such substances, even if they couldn’t get caught.

A

FALSE
98% of them said they would.
50% of them said they would even if they killed them. Oh dear.

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2
Q

T/F Even the young little chickens in high school are using performance enhancing drugs.

A

True. Sad. like 3000 students were surveyed, discovered or something.
Use for a variety of purposes: weight gain, weight loss, performance enhancement

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3
Q

Who uses anabolic steroids more: boys or girls?

A

boys

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4
Q

List from most important to least important, where kids considering drugs get their trusted info about health.

A

Professional Athletes
Teachers
Parents
Physicians

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5
Q

How do most physicians view ergogenic supplements?

A

doesn’t seem to make much impact anyway, & we don’t know if it could be dangerous–>so don’t take it!
It’s expensive.
This is a medical issue-stop asking your coach!

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6
Q

How do most athletes view ergogenic supplements?

A

It may be hard to measure effectiveness, but all I need is a teeny edge to win.
If these are good substances in my body, I should pump more of them in there–more is def better!
Everyone is doing it–I need to keep my edge.
Who cares about potential risk-it’s worth it if I can win.
This is a sports issue-forget the doc.

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7
Q

Who was a nutritional supplement role model for a lot of years? Which supplements did he take? Did he take anabolic steroids too?

A 
Bill Romanowski
Coenzyme Q10
Vit C
Vit E
Creatine-muscles
EFA
HMB
Chondroitin-joints
Glutamine
Chromium
Copper
Zinc
Magnesium
Yes, he did take anabolic steroids on top of all of this!!!
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8
Q

What are the most common supplements used by division 1 college athletes? Do they also have great diets?

A

No, they don’t rate their diets as wonderful, but they take a TON of supplements.
Most common:
creatine, protein powder, caffeine, ginseng, amino acids, vitamin C, vitamin E, MVI, zinc, copper, magnesium

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9
Q

What are the most common sources of info for d1 athletes?

A 
Coach
Friend
Book
Physician
Nutritionist
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10
Q

What are the 2 most common, safe & effective supplements?

A

caffeine

creatine

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11
Q

Where is Creatine found in your body? How much do you need of creatine per day? How much do athletes often take per day?

A

Skeletal muscle
You need: 2 g/day
Athletes take: 20-30g/day

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12
Q

What is the fcn of creatine?

A

Enhances regeneration of ATP, increased capacity for high-intensity, short- duration power and endurance training.

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13
Q

Does creatine help w/ endurance exercise or VO2 max?

A

NO

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14
Q

How might creatine be helpful?

A

it doesn’t help you on game day, but it does help increase training intensity
enhances recovery

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15
Q

Why is creatine often not that helpful?

A

b/c ppl have variable responses

people use it inconsistently

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16
Q

What are the potential side effects of creatine supplementation?

A

GI & muscle cramping
water retention
weight gain
potential muscle tears

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17
Q

What is the most widely consumed drug in the world?

A

Caffeine

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18
Q

What is the effect of caffeine?

A

increased time to fatigue
increased lipolysis
glycogen sparing
FFA mobilization

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19
Q

What is the only proven effective ergogenic supplement that is allowed in sports?

A

Caffeine

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20
Q

T/F Athletes have a range of caffeine that is acceptable to have in their urine.

A

True. Can’t exceed a certain amt, about 3 cups of coffee
Normal person’s intake: 100-300mg
Studies have been done up to 1000mg

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21
Q

T/F If I drink 5 cups of coffee instead of one the morning before my 10K it will really improve my time.

A

Probably not b/c I am a recreational exerciser. In an untrained, recreational athlete, this doesn’t have much effect.

22
Q

T/F Magnitude of benefit>measurement error in caffeine studies.

A

False. Less than.

23
Q

What is something you might have to do to get the caffeine to help you on game day?

A

Be abstinent during training so that you are not tolerant & then pump the caffeine the morning of.

24
Q

What is the downside to caffeine usage?

A

the possibility of caffeine toxicity.

25
Q

What are some dangerous, illegal, but effective supplements?

A 
Anabolic steroids
HMB (beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate)
Human growth hormone
Erythropoietin 
Stimulants (amphetamines)
26
Q

T/F Anabolic steroids are easy to detect.

A

False. They are difficult to detect often b/c of the stacking regimens used.

27
Q

What are anabolic steroids effective in doing?

A

increasing strength, power, recovery

28
Q

How are anabolic steroids dangerous?

A 
acne
testicular atrophy
liver cancer
rage
depression
29
Q

How does DHEA work? Note: this is banned by the FDA.

A

It gets converted into estrogen or testosterone

causes increased levels of IGF-1 & GH

30
Q

What does DHEA do?

A

increases muscle mass

decreases fat mass if you exercise

31
Q

T/F A woman under the age of 30 has more testosterone in her body than a man in his 60s.

A

True. Crazy!

32
Q

How does Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methylbutyrate (HMB) work?

A

this is a metabolite of leucine that decreases catabolism & regulates protein metabolism
it increases muscle mass (not necessarily strength) –more aesthetic. Most body builders use this.

33
Q

What is the effect of human growth hormone?

A

increases muscle mass & strength

decreases body fat

34
Q

What are the dangers of human growth hormone?

A

acromegaly
cardiomyopathy
diabetes

35
Q

T/F Human growth hormone can’t be detected. Why it is so popular.

A

False. Recently, they found a way to detect it.

36
Q

What does EPO do?

A

stimulates RBC formation

increases oxygen carrying capacity

37
Q

Can you detect EPO?

A

it is difficult, but you can!

if you have a hematocrit over 50% they will test you.

38
Q

Which sports often use EPO? Why is it dangerous?

A

often used in cycling

dangerous b/c it thickens the blood & puts you at greater risk for stroke, MI

39
Q

What is the usefulness of amphetamines?

A

increased physical power
mental edge
loss of body fat

40
Q

What are the side effects of amphetamines?

A

headaches
sleep loss
anxiety

41
Q

What are the dangers of amphetamines?

A

possible MI & hyperthermia

42
Q

Can you detect amphetamines?

A

yeah, they are easy to detect & banned everywhere.

43
Q

What are the coming attractions in ergogenic supplements?

A 
Sodium citrate/bicarbonate
Sodium phosphate
Glutamine
Nitric Oxide
DMAA
44
Q

What is the possible effect of sodium citrate/bicarb?

A

buffers acidosis

45
Q

What is the possible effect of sodium phosphate?

A

shifts oxygen dissociation curve to the right

46
Q

What is the possible effect of glutamine?

A

cellular repair

enhanced immunity

47
Q

What might tamoxifen be used for?

A

blocking the effects of estrogen

48
Q

What might clenbuterol be used for?

A

acts a little like albuterol

opens up the b.v. that supply muscle

49
Q

What is blood doping? It is illegal? Can you detect it?

A

reinfuse your own RBCs to increase oxygen carrying capacity

it is illegal & difficult but possible to detect.

50
Q

How is genetic engineering going to play a role in the future of athletes?

A

projects going on to convert type ii muscle fibers to type i & projects to increase levels of glycogen.
If you did this, you would alter your body. Would make the lines grey of this stuff.

51
Q

What do women often use ephedra for?

A

weight loss

52
Q

Inadvertent doping might happen with which substances?

A 
Ephedra, Ma Huang
Methylhexaneamine (DMAA)
Anabolic steroids (15%)
Clenbuterol
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs)

Block 4; Week 3 (5 decks)

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