Ergogenic Aids

Question 1

Testosterone is only produced in response to ____________________ which is released from hypothalamus

Answer 1

gonadotrophic releasing hormone

Question 1

Beta Agonists
* Increase sensitivity of ____________________ found in smooth muscle
1. Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
2. Increased sensitivity to adrenaline

Answer 1

β-adrenergic receptors

Question 2

Insulins
* Aerobic athletes use insulin injections to _________________
– Promotes glycogen synthesis

Answer 2

increase muscle glycogen

Question 3

What system stimulates:
* Increases metal alertness/motivation
* Reduces mental fatigue
* Reduces pain perception

Answer 3

CNS

Question 4

Caffeine:
Effects
– Reduces _________ fatigue
– Increase metabolism
– Diuretic (effect on endurance?)

Proven to aid endurance performance due to ______________ enhancement

Answer 4

Mental, Psychological

Question 5

Identify and explain three (3) specific performance enhancing substances/procedures that would be beneficial (and are illegal) to an endurance athlete.

Answer 5

1. EPO
   - Increases RBCS TO BE MANUFACTURED BY BONE MARROW –> creating more O2
2. CERA
   - Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator
   -Peptide Hormones & Growth Factors
   * Increases RBC production
   * How: increases sensitivity of EPO target cells inside the bone marrow
3. Salbutamol (Asthma Inhalers)
   - Beta Agonist
   - Banned if over limit
   - * Increase sensitivity of β-adrenergic receptors found in smooth muscle
4. Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
5. Increased sensitivity to adrenaline

Question 6

Identify and explain three (3) specific performance enhancing substances that would be beneficial (and are illegal) to a strength/power athlete.

Answer 6

1. Myostatin Inhibitors
2. steroids/sarms
3. Growth hormone

Question 7

Explain (using examples) a banned substance that inhibits a natural human substance and one that ‘elevates’ a natural human substance.

Answer 7

Inhibits
- SERMS
–> Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
–> Reduces estrogen production (males or females) so the testosterone has stronger affect

Elevates
- EPO –> increase RBC content/amount