Equine Tetanus Vaccination and pport

Question 1

Why vaccinate against?

Answer 1

1. horses are highly susceptible to it
2. HIGH mortality in affected cases
3. vaccines are highly effective
4. cheap £14 alone

Question 2

Can tetanus be treated?

Answer 2

3. Can be treated though extremely expensive and poor prognosis. Even if get through often still have muscle spasticity

Question 3

Clinical signs tetanus

Answer 3

1. Profuse sweating, distressed, rigid,
2. Prolapse nictitating membrane (3rd eyelid) – V distinctive
3. Usually spastic paralysis – stiff and stilted
4. Staring/ grimace
5. Eyes pulled back, look scared, worried
6. Tail head elevation, as if doing a poo
7. Lock jaw
8. Can present as hyper salivation – unable to swallow easily

Question 4

Difference between tetanus toxoids and antitoxoid

Answer 4

Toxoid = vaccination to PREVENT disease
Antitoxoid = antibodies for immediate cover. molecule that battles toxin when present

Question 5

Tetanus vaccination facts

Answer 5

1. referred to as a tetanus TOXOID
2. can be given from 6 months (depending on brand
3. given every other yr

Question 6

Most common tetanus vaccination

Answer 6

a. Equillis TE

Question 7

When would we ever give horses just tetanus vaccine and never flu

Answer 7

group of horses at a rescue shelter not going to ever leave. Much cheaper (£14) than if flu too (35-40)

Question 8

Talk through the primary course of tatanus

Answer 8

1 vaccine
4-6 weeks later
2nd vaccine
(2 weeks after 2nd we have cover)
12-17 months after 1st, 3rd booster.
Then booster every other year.

So primary course involved 3 vaccines and then every other year

Question 9

Tetanus and pregnant mare…

Answer 9

booster every 4-6 weeks before foaling. May give foal passive immunity for up to 6 months

Question 10

Talk about tetanus antitoxoid

Answer 10

1. Tetanus antibodies to provide immediate cover as contain molecules that directly attack the toxin
2. provides cover for 3 weeks
3. Immediate protection

Question 11

What to remember about tetanus vaccine cover?

Answer 11

3. Tetanus vaccine will only provide protection 14 days AFTER the 2nd booster
   So tetanus jab at time when get wound will NOT provide protection

Question 12

Problems with tetanus antitoxoid

Answer 12

a. MUST be kept in fridge and a PROPER fridge!
b. EXPENSIVE £250 per bottle
c. 50ml bottle with 10 hr broach time. Must use entire bottle in 10 hrs or throw away.
d. Average dose for most horses is 7.5 ml!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
e. Can you justify client £250 ml for 7.5 ml?!
f. Some practise use off license, keep past broach time and charge per ml rather than whole bottle. – should tell client
g. Quite yellow and smells like urine, if not then throw

Question 13

Can you give the antitoxin at the same time as a vaccination?

Answer 13

YES you can, just not in the same area

Data sheet necessitates an extra booster, she doens’t…