Equine reproduction

Question 1

reproductive problems

Answer 1

-seasonal breeders
-prolonged estrus/variable ovulation time
-low foaling rates

Question 2

methods for mating

Answer 2

-pasture breeding
-hand mating
-AI
-estrus detection

Question 3

pasture breeding pros and cons

Answer 3

pros
-less labor
cons
-breeding date unknown
-mares that don’t show estrus/decreased uterine defense won’t get pregnant
-more risk to inexperienced stallions

Question 4

hand mating pros and cons

Answer 4

pros
-allows more mares per stallion
-safer for stallion
-better for mares with decreased uterine defense
cons
-shouldn’t be used for young stallions that havent bred mares before

Question 5

AI pros and cons

Answer 5

pros
-breed larger numbers of mares
-identifies reproductive problems
-helps mares who dont show estrus/decreased uterine defense
-safer for animals
cons
-labor intensive

Question 6

score meaning(0-4) for estrus detection

Answer 6

0: fights presence of stallion
1: does not pay attention to stallion
2: interested in stallion with raised tail
3: raising tail and winking near stallion
4: raise tail, wink, and urinate near stallion

Question 7

how often are mares tested for estrus

Answer 7

every other day

Question 8

at what follicle diameter is the mare ready to breed

Answer 8

35 mm

Question 9

when should you ultrasound post pregnancy to detect pregnancy

Answer 9

day 14

Question 10

how to deal with twins in equine pregnancy

Answer 10

1. crush one of the vesicles
   OR
2. administer PGF2a to abort pregnancy

Question 11

how does cervical tone impact estrus detection

Answer 11

if cervix is tight mare is likely in diestrus

Question 12

Missouri style AV

Answer 12

-flexible and lightweight
-looses temp easily

Question 13

colorado style AV

Answer 13

large outer casing to maintain temperature

Question 14

cleanout procedure

Answer 14

first two weeks of breeding season sperm collection get discarded

Question 15

steps to prep AV

Answer 15

-add non spermicidal lubricant to halfway down AV
-add collection bottle to end with gel filter
-fill with water and release to adjust pressure(you should be able to make a fist in it)

Question 16

steps for sperm evaluation

Answer 16

-remove filter and check for urine or blood
-check volume and concentration
-look at sperm under the microscope

Question 17

desired motility for fresh, chilled, and frozen sperm

Answer 17

fresh: 85%
chilled: 60%
frozen: 30-40%

Question 18

what is the scale for body condition? what is the desired body condition for brood mares?

Answer 18

-1-10
-6-7

Question 19

how can the vulva be checked to determine the body condition

Answer 19

-do the lips close
-where is it in relation to rectum