Estrus synch Flashcards
Proestrus
-hormone activity
-time frame
-decreasing progesterone
-increasing estrogen
-1-3 days
estrus
-hormone activity
-time frame
-highest level of E2
-spike in LH for ovulation
-<1 day(ends with ovulation)
metestrus
-hormone activity
-time frame
-increase P4(formation of CL)
-decrease E2, FSH, LH
-5 days
Diestrus
-hormone activity
-time frame
-highest level of P4
-low E2, FSH, LH
-longest phase
sections of estrous
-proestrus
-estrus
-metestrus
-diestrus
-proestrus(cycle restarts)
2 phases of estrous cycle
-follicular
-Luteal
sections in follicular phase
-proestrus
-estrus
sections in luteal phase
-metestrus
-diestrus
polyestrous
no defined breeding season/multiple estrous cycles throughout the year
Ex: cow, sow, rat
seasonally polyestrous
has an anovulatory period but multiple estrus cycles during distinct seasonal periods
Ex: Sheep(short day), horse(long day)
which animal does not have a 21 day estrous cycle, how long is it?
ewe, 17 days
two primary causes of low reproductive efficiency/performance
-failure to detect heat
-errors in heat detection
consequences of improper heat detection
-longer calving intervals(lower lifetime milk production, fewer claves)
-decreased conception rates(wasted semen)
-accidental culling of normal animals
-inseminating pregnant females mistakenly identified in heat may cause abortion
cow estrus detection
-30 minutes in the morning 30 minutes in the evening
-standing to be mounted
-swollen vulva
-clear mucus secretion
am/pm rule
cows seen in heat in the morning will be inseminated in the evening, vice versa
ewe estrus detection
-restlessness (“seeking” ram)
-urination in the presence of ram
Teaser animals
in tact males incapable of impregnating female that identify females in heat.
must have strong libido
marking aids
-chinball marker
-heat-mount detector patches
-marking harnes
mare estrus detection
-increased locomotion/tail erected(“flagging”)
heatwatch
-placed on the tailhead of females
-records when female is mounted
-software failure can present as no females in heat
sow estrus detection
-mild restlessness
-immobilization in response to back pressure
-swollen vulva
boar exposure
-physical presence(sound, smell) of boar
-gilts exposed between 160-180 days, start cycling within 21 days
-combined with PG600 estrus starts in 5-10 days
matrix
-orally active progesterone
-feed for 14 days, estrus 4-9 days after removal from feed
-used for sows and gilts
effective weaningprocedure for pigs
-wean piglets 21 days after birth
-come in heat 4-10 days
medications for progesterone
-CIDR
-MGA(feed)
medications for PGF2a
-Estrumate
-Prostamate
-Lutalyse
medications for GnRH
-Fertagyl
-Factrel
-Cystorelin
