Equine Parasites Flashcards
What are the three types of large Strongyles?
What signs do you see with these parasites?
Where are adults located?
- S. vulgaris
- S. edentatus
- S. equinus
Signs: Colic, diarrhea, chronic weight loss, migrates throughout host tissues during the developmental stages resulting in damage to various organs
Adults location: Colon + Cecum
What is path that Strongyles vulgaris travel in the equine body? What does it cause?
- Larvae penetrate submucosal arteries and migrate along endothelium to the cecal and colic arteries and then to the base of the cranial mesenteric artery; they return to the intestine via
the arteries. - As parasites migrate through mesenteric arteries, they can cause thrombosis, inflammation and infarction with subsequent necrosis of the intestine.
What is path that Strongyles edentatus travel in the equine body?
- Larvae invade gut wall, penetrate blood vessels and migrate to liver via the hepatic portal vein;
larvae then travel through the liver and return to the large intestine via the mesentery - Migration may or may not result in observable clinical signs
What is path that Strongyles equinus travel in the equine body?
- During maturation, larvae leave the intestine and migrate to the liver; from there they migrate
back to the large intestine. - Migration may or may not result in observable clinical signs
Anoplocephala perfoliata
- Common name
- Clinical signs
- Location
- Associated with
- Common name: Tapeworm
- Clinical signs: Colic, possible intussusception
- Location: region of the ileocecal junction and can produce ulcerations of
the mucosa - Associated with intussusceptions, although may not be be the cause
Parascaris equorum / ascarids
- Common name
- Clinical signs
- Host
- Common name: Roundworms
- Clinical signs: ill thrift and poor weight gain, intestinal impaction due to heavy worm burden
- Host: Mostly in foals and is not a significant parasite in the adult horse as they develop immunity
Cyathostomes:
- Common name
- Clinical signs
- Location
- Other:
- Common name: small strongyles, inculdes 40+ species
- Clinical signs: severe diarrhea, weight loss, hypoproteinemia and possibly death
- Location: Intestinal mucosa
- Other: AKA larval cyathostomiasis, typically occurs in late winter or spring, rapid emergence resulting in clinical signs
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi:
- Common name
- Host
- Clinical signs
- Location
- Common name: Equine Lungworm
- Host: Donkey
- Clinical signs: rare signs in donkey’s/mules. In horses: bronchial inflammation and chronic cough
- Location: larvae migrate through the lung of foals and can produce signs of respiratory disease
Class: Macrocyclic Lactones
- Equine Preventions
- Effective against what parasites?
- Equine Preventions:
- Ivermectin + Moxidectin
- Effective against what parasites?
- Lg Strongyles, Strongyles Larvae, Cyathostomes, Ascarids, + Bots
Class: Benzimidazoles
- Equine Preventions
- Effective against what parasites?
- Equine Preventions
- Fenbendazole, Oxfendazole, Mebendazole
- Effective against what parasites?
- Lg Strong, Strong Larvae, Cyathostomes, Ascarids, & Bots
Class: Pyrimidines
- Equine Preventions
- Effective against what parasites?
- Equine Preventions
- Pyrantel pamoate/ tartrate
- Effective against what parasites?
- Lg Strongyles, Cyathostomes, Ascarids
- Equine Preventions
- Piperazine
- Effective against what parasites?
- Lg Strongyles, Cyathostomes, Ascarids
Class: Pyrazinoisoquinolines
- Equine Preventions
- Effective against what parasites?
- Equine Preventions
- Praziquantel
- Effective against what parasites?
- Tapeworms
