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ANSC Exam 2 > Equine Industry > Flashcards

Equine Industry Flashcards

1
Q

When were horses domesticated

A

3500 BC

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2
Q

when did man begin to ride horses

A

1200 BC

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3
Q

when did Columbus bring horses here

A

1495

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4
Q

What horse arrived here in 1730

A

Thoroughbred

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5
Q

how many horses were here in 1985

A

8 million

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6
Q

how many horses are there today in US

A

6.9 million

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7
Q

Draft horse info (hands, blood, weight)

A

Cold bloods
16-18 hands
1500-2000

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8
Q

Light riding breed info

A

14-16 hands
850-1200 lbs
(quarter horse, arab)

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9
Q

Large riding breed info

A

15.2-17 hands

1100-1500 lbs

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10
Q

Pony info

A

below 14.2 hands
thick mane and tail
short legs
wide barrels

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11
Q

Color breed classification

A

registered off coat color regardless of breed

  • Pinto
  • Buckskin
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12
Q

Paint Horse breed

A

pinto color with western stock horse conformation

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13
Q

Hot bloods

A

hot temperament, racers

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14
Q

Cold bloods

A

Draft

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15
Q

Warm blood

A

mild temperment

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16
Q

Donkey

A

Has 62 chromosomes
*Male=Jack
Female=Jenny

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17
Q

Mule

A

Cross of a male donkey and female horse

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18
Q

Hinny

A

male horse and female donkey cross

19
Q

Some US breed registrations

A

AQA
APA
Thoroughbred

20
Q

Which state has the most horses

A

Texas

21
Q

Horse activities

A

Recreation
showing
eventing
racing

22
Q

how many people own horses

A

2 million

23
Q

What type of digestive tract to horses have and what is special about it

A

monogastric

“hind gut fermenters”

24
Q

what percentage of roughage diet do horses consume on a daily baisis

A

1% of their body weight per day

25
Q

Digestive categories for energy in order

A
  1. Maintenance
  2. growth
  3. gestation
  4. Lactation/Work
26
Q

Horses are seasonally polyestrus, what does this mean and when do they go through this

A

They come into heat at certain times of the year

For horses its during seasons with increasing day length (April May June)

27
Q

How long is the horse estrus cycle

A

21-22 days

28
Q

how long does gestation for horses last

A

340 days

29
Q

why is it common to use AI with horses

A

they have a low conception rate of 50-60%

30
Q

When can a foal creep feed

A

10 days to 3 weeks of age

31
Q

when can you start training a foal

A

as early as 10-14 days old

32
Q

when are foals weaned

A

4-6 months

33
Q

when can you breed a horse

A

3 years

34
Q

What is EEE (Sleeping sickness)

A

Equine Encephalomyelitis
Inflammation of the brain
Viral disease transmitted by mosquitos
*Can vaccinate

35
Q

Name 2 bacterial diseases

A
  • Strangles “strep throat”: abscesses of lymph nodes, off feed, fever
  • Tetanus “lockjaw”: incoordination, muscle tetany
36
Q

What is EIA

A

Equine Infectious Anemia

  • destruction of red blood cells
  • vaccine
  • Coggins test
37
Q

Name 2 digestive diseases

A

Fescue Toxicity

  • fungus in tall fescue
  • lameness, increased temperature and pulse

Founder (laminitis)

  • overeating concentrates
  • swelling feet, lameness, fever, sweating
38
Q

What is Colic

A

caused by digestive tract problems

located in abdominal cavity

39
Q

4 types of Colic

A
  1. Gaseous- gas formation in the digestive tract
  2. Impaction- blockage of intestine
  3. Spasmodic- severe contraction of intestine
  4. Intestinal Accidents- twists, hernia
40
Q

3 breeding operations

A
  1. Broodmares- mares and foals
  2. Stallion- handling and mating of studs to broodmares, semen collection and shipping
  3. General Breeding- have 1-2 stallions and many mares
    typically break and sell weanlings and yearlings
41
Q

What are training operations

A

most specialize in a particular type of eventing

*dressage, jumping, rodeo

42
Q

Fitting operations

A

usually specialize in fitting horses one year of age for sale

  • *lucrative and important for thoroughbreds
    1. maximize price
    2. obedient at halter
    3. paid weekly or monthly
43
Q

Boarding facilities

A

own horses but not land

44
Q

Issues in horse industry

A

slaughter
overbreeding
obesity

ANSC Exam 2 (4 decks)

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