Equine dentistry Flashcards
How many roots do mandibular vs maxillary teeth in equines have
Mandibular 2 roots
Maxillary 3 or 4 roots
Which teeth do we see infundibular enamel folds on and what does this mean
On maxillary cheek teeth
This means only these teeth can get infundibular caries
How are dentine/cementum/enamel arranged
Interlinked in a laminated structure; this increases tooth strength and causes teeth to wear unevenly and give mores surface area for chewing
How many infundibula do incisors vs maxillary teeth have
INcisors have 1
MAxillary cheek teeth ahve 2
Which cheek tooth apices are in which part of maxillary sinus
8 and 9 are in rostral maxillary sinus
10 and 11 ar in caudal maxilary sinus
How much tooth eruption to expect per year with normal wear vs no wear
Normal = 2-4mm/year
Can be up to 9mm/yr if not being worn down by another tooth
What is the exception to the rule that all treatments involveing the mouth are acts of veterinary surgery
- Manual removal of small dental overgrowths (<4mm) and sharp enamel points with a hand instrument
What are categories 1/2/3 acts of veterinary surgery
Cat 1 = not an act of veterinary surgery
Cat 2 = an act of veterinary surgery which can be delaged if under direct and continuous supervision
Cat 3 = act of veterinary surgery which cannot be delegated to a non-vet; involves vascular and innervated tissue
What dental procedures would fit into category 3 of veterinary surgery
Removing firmly attached cheek teeth
What could be a category 2 act of vet surgery in relation to dentistry
Removing wolf teeth
REmoving loose teeth with negligible periodontal attachment
Palliative rasping
Evaluating and recording abnormalities
Motorised rasping
Can vets prescribe sedation for detnals by EDTs
Can give acepromazine or detomidine but horse must be under care (consider to have been seen in last 6 months)
What number is the furthest back tooth in the mouth
11
Max number if teeth in a horse mouth
44
When are canines often absent in horses
In mares
What are eruption cysts
Non painful hard swellings in regions of jaw due to apical aspect of tooth lying close to the bone margin
- Called 3/4 year bumps
Sometimes in mandible, the cysts can develop into periapical infection
What age do canine teeth erupt at
4-6 years old
What are wolf teeth
Vestigial premolar with no deciduous precursor
Erupts 6-18 months old
Grading periodontal disease 1-4
1 = local gingivitis
2 = erosion of gingival margin
3 = periodontitis with gum retraction
4 = gross periodontal pocketing and alveolar bone destruction
How many pulp chambers do cheek teeth have
Between 5 and 9
Which teeth is it most likely to get a traumatic fracture of
Incisors
Sheek teeth usually secondary to pulpar disease or caries
What is equine odontoclastic tooth resoprtion and hypercementosis
Common condition in older horses
See degenerative lesions in incisors/canines
Odonotvlasts absorb tooth and body lays down cementum in response
= painful
Grading caries
0 = no caries
1 = caries just affecting cementum
2= caries affecting cementum and adjacent enamel
3 = caries affecting cementum, enamel and dentine
4 = caries affects tooth integrity i.e via secondary fracture ot abscess formation
