Equine Breeding Management Flashcards
1
Q
what is breeding management?
A
activity of controlling the mating and production of offspring of animals
2
Q
types of breeding programs
A
- natural service (thoroughbreds)
- artificial insemination
3
Q
factors that affect pregnancy rates
A
- breeding managment!!
- stallion fertility
- mare fertility
-
early pregnancy detection
- twins
- early embryonic death
4
Q
evaluating stallion fertility
A
-
history
- athletic
- breeding
-
breeding soundness
- annual exam
- physical health
- semen quality
- venereal disease
5
Q
evaluating mare reproductive health
A
- fertility history
- foaling history
- type of breeding program
- breeding soundess exam
6
Q
approach to equine breeding management
A
- heat detection
- monitoring the repro tract
- induction of ovulation
- breeding
- post-breeding mgmt
- pregnancy detection
7
Q
when do horses cycle?
A
seasonally polyestrus
April: longer cycle, longer estrus
8
Q
equine estrous cycle
A
estrus: follicular phase
diestrus: luteal phase
9
Q
heat detection in mare
A
-
estrus
- 4 to 7 days
-
estrogen influence
- tail up, urinate, wink
-
diestrus
- 14 days
-
progesterone influence
- ears back, strike, kick
- not receptive!
10
Q
monitoring reproductive tract of mare
A
-
transrectal palpation and u/s
- ovaries: follicular dvpt
- uterus: tone and edema
-
cervis: tone/relaxation
- fully muscular in mare
11
Q
where do the follicles develop in the mare ovary?
A
- on the inside (inside out)
- ovulate through ovulation fossa
12
Q
ovarian palpation in mare
A
- palpation through rectum
- can’t palpate CL
13
Q
“short cycling”
A
-
prostaglandin
- PGF2a - endometrial origin
- analogs - Dinoprost, Cloprostenol
-
causes luteolysis
- 5 days post-ovulation
-
results in onset of estrus
- depends on follicular activity
- 5-7 days average
- depends on: time of year and size of follicles
14
Q
how is ovulation predicted in mare?
(when do we know to breed them)
A
- follicular size (≥ 35 mm)
- follicular texture
- follicular shape
- uterine edema
15
Q
ovulatory agents
A
-
Deslorelin acetate (GnRH analog)
- estrus edema
- relaxed cervix
- when follicle ≥ 30 mm
- ovulation 40-48h
-
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
- acts like LH
- estrus edema
- relaxed cervix
- when follicle ≥ 35 mm
- ovulation 24-48h
