Equilibrium Flashcards
When in equilibrium, entropy and Gibbs free energy are?
entropy is at maximum
Free energy is at a minimum
Law of mass action
If a system is at equilibrium at a constant temp
Keq=[C]^c[D]^d/[A]^a[B]^b
Kc
Equilibrium constant
What is the rate with a reaction that has 3 steps
Multiply all the rates together
Reaction quotient (Q)
Measures the value of the reactants at all points during the reaction to compare to Keq
The larger the value of Keq
The further to the right equilibrium will point
What is the equilibrium constant for the reverse reaction?
1/Keq
What phases will only be affected by a change in pressure?
Gas
With increased pressure, system moves toward?
The side that has lower number of moles of gas
With decreased pressure, system moves toward?
The side that has more moles of gas
With reduced volume, system will move toward?
The side that has lower number of moles of gas
With increased volume, the system will move toward?
The side that more number of moles of gas
If Keq is greater than 1
Equilibrium contains more products than reactants
If Keq is less than 1
Equilibrium contains more reactants than products
What changes when temperature changes
Keq, not Q
If the reaction is endothermic,
Heat is a reactant
If reaction is exothermic
Heat is a product
What determines direction of additional heat in Le Chatleir
Exothermic or endothermic reaction
What product favors lower temperature
Kinetic product
What product favors higher temperature
Thermodynamic product
WHich product forms faster?
Kinetic product, bc it has a lower free energy that must be added
What product is more stable?
Thermodynamic, more negative Delta G
