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MCAT general Chem > Acids & Bases > Flashcards

Acids & Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

Arrenhenius acid

A

Gives excess H+ in solution

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2
Q

Arrhenius base

A

Gives excess OH- in solution

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3
Q

Is water considered an acid in Arrhenius?

A

No, just aqueous

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4
Q

Bronstead-Lowery acid

A

Donates H+ ions

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5
Q

Bronstead-Lowery base

A

Accepts H+ ions (OH-, F-, NH3)

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6
Q

Lewis acid

A

Electron pair acceptorq

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7
Q

Lewis base

A

Electron pair donor

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8
Q

What is an electrophile

A

Lewis acid (attacked by Lewis base neucleophile)

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9
Q

Amphoteric species

A

Acts as an acid in basic conditions, as a base in acidic conditions (water)

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10
Q

Zwitterion

A

Intermediate of amino acids that are amphoteric

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11
Q

What hydroxides of metals are amphoteric?

A

Al, Zn, Pb, Cr

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12
Q

CH3COO-

A

Acetate

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13
Q

-ide in acid form

A

-ic

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14
Q

-ite means

A

less an oxygen

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15
Q

-ite in acid form

A

-ous acid

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16
Q

-ate means

A

plus an oxygen

17
Q

-ate in acid form

A

-ic acid

18
Q

Autoionization

A

Reacts with itself as an amphoteric species (water)

19
Q

Water dissociation constant

A

Kw=[H30+][OH-] x 10^-14

Each equal [10^-7]

20
Q

What it the only thing that can change Kw/water dissociation constant?

A

Temperature

21
Q

p=

A

-log

22
Q

pH

A

-log[OH-]=log1/[H+]

23
Q

pOH

A

-log[OH-]= log1/[OH-]

24
Q

pH + pOH =

A

14

25
Q

log(xy)

A

log(x) +log(y)

26
Q

-log(n x 10^-m)

A

-log(n)-log(10^-m) = m-log(n)

27
Q

n

A

from 1 to 10

28
Q

p value=

A

m-0.n

29
Q

When is pH 7 valid

A

at 25 degrees Celcius

30
Q

If the concentration of an acid is less than 10^-7, then the water autoionization is

A

Significant

31
Q

What does the Ka or Kb value equal for weak acids and bases?

A

Less than 1

32
Q

Strong acids

A 
HCl
Hbr
HI
H2SO4
HNO3
HClO4
33
Q

Strong bases

A

NaOH
KOH
Soluble hydroxides of IA metals

34
Q

Finding Ka or Kb

A

Use the 10^-14 to find the remaining to find Ka or Kb

35
Q

Conjugates of strong acids & bases

A

Basically inert

36
Q

More electronegative means

A

Increasing pKa, stronger acid

37
Q

Weak acis & bases make

A

Weak conjugate acids & bases

MCAT general Chem (9 decks)

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