Equilibrium Flashcards
Reaction in Equilibrium
Has a mixture of products and reactants and can proceed forwards or backwards at any point
Dynamic Equilibrium
Incomplete reaction with equal rates of forward and reverse reactions - bonds are being broken at and reformed at an equal rate
Le Châtelier’s Principle
If an equilibrium is subject to a change, the system will adjust itself to partially oppose the effect the change
Reactant Concentration Increased
Net forward reaction - system moves to product side
Product Concentration Increased
Net backward reaction - system moves to reactant side
Reactant Concentration Decreased
Net backward reaction - system moves to reactant side
Product Concentration Decreased
Net forward reaction - system moves to product side
Volume Increased
Concentration of products and reactants decreases - system moves to favour direction that produces more moles of gas
Pressure Decreased
Concentration of products and reactants decreases - system moves to favour direction that produces more moles of gas
Volume Decreased
Concentration of products and reactant increased - system moves to favour direction that produces fewer moles of gas
Pressure Increased
Concentration of products and reactant increased - system moves to favour direction that produces fewer moles of gas
Endothermic Increase Temperature
Increase products, decrease reactants
Endothermic Decrease Temperature
Decrease products, increase reactants
Exothermic Increase Temperature
Decrease products, increase reactants
Exothermic Decrease Temperature
Increase products, decrease reactants
Equilibrium Law
The concentration of products to the power of their coefficients, divided by the concentration of the reactants to the power of their coefficients is equal to the equilibrium constant
Reaction Quotient
Provides an understanding of amount of products and reactants before equilibrium is reached
Equilibrium Constant
Ratio of reactants to products in a reaction when it is at equilibrium
Kc>10^4
Significantly more product than reactant
