equilibria 🟰 Flashcards
Dynamic equilibrium
- rate of forward and backward reactions are the same
- concentration of reactants and products are constant
IN A CLOSED SYSTEM
Explain what happens when magnesium was burnt in the oxygen from the air
- magnesium burnt with bright white light
- a white would is formed - magnesium oxide
Describe what happens when the hydrated copper was heated and water added?
- blue soild (hydrated copper II sulfate) turned white
- water was added - turned blue
Closed system:
- no matter added or lost
- only energy is added and lost
Describe what happened when ammonium chloride was heated and cooled in a sealed boiling tube
- white solid formed near top of boiling tube
An equilibrium will move to oppose…
any changed put upon it
Factors that would change equilibrium:
- concentration
- pressure - only in gaseous system
- temperature
but it will move to rebalance what you have changed
If you want to increase C, what should you do?
A + B <> C + D
- increase the concentration of A and B as C will increase to restore equilibrium
- Take away C as it is produced
Why do this at all?
To yield more of what you want
If you increase the factor of pressure
The equilibrium will shift to the side with the fewest moles (less volume) to reduce the pressure
If you decrease it will go to the side with the most moles
How do catalysts affect equilibrium?
- no effect on position - doesn’t add more backwards or forwards
- speeds up both reactions so equilibrium is reach more quickly
Reversible reactions meaning
Products forming from reactants and reactants forming from products
compromise conditions
the ideal conditions may not be realistic
