EQ2 - L2.7 (Chad Chances) Flashcards
Where is Chad situated?
In North Central Africa, a landlocked country
What is a threat to the Chad river basin ecosystem? (PLL)
The widening Sahara desert and Boko Haram crisis
How much reduction of water has there been?
90% in the last 60 years
What are the impacts of water insecurity in Chad?
Smaller fish which also decline, people washing increases density of dirty water, removed fishing livelihood
What are some causes of water insecurity in Chad?
Drought, desertification, deforestation, resource mismanagement, CC
How does climate change affect hydrology?
precipitation, run off, evaporation, soil moisture, permafrost, snow
How does CC affect precipitation?
tropics will get more rain (S Africa and S Europe will get less), could be more intense further around the world
How does CC affect surface run- off?
1 degree rise = runoff 40%, accelerated cycles of intense rainfall -> less infiltration, more droughts, lakes and reservoirs drying up
How does CC affect evaporation?
more cloud cover counteracts evaporation (more transpiration), lessens water in soil
How does CC affect soil moisture and GW?
depends is precipitation counteracts, GW depends more on human abstraction
How does CC affect permafrost?
High latitude temp increase -> permafrost degrades, active layer deeper and methane release (affects GW supple and trigger feedback cycle)
How does CC affects snow/ice?
snow cover duration falls - spring melt earlier, more river water in short term less in long term, more pronounced in high altitude glaciers
