EQ2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is EQ2?

A

What are the impacts of superpowers on the global economy, political systems, and the global environment?

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2
Q

Where is the WEF conference, and what does WEF stand for?

A

the (World Economic Forum) is held in Davos in Switzerland annually.

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3
Q

What is the WEF?

A

It is the annual meeting of influential economic players to discuss and aim to solve global issues such as climate change and the gender pay gap.

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4
Q

What did Bono say about the WEF?

A

“Fat cats in the snow,”

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5
Q

Why does Bono think the WEF is corrupt?

A

He believes it is a place where rich, white, male celebrities can celebrate their wealth with champagne dinners and leisure activities while masking it as a positive gathering for the world.

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6
Q

What evidence is there to support Bono’s claim that the WEF is corrupt?

A

2/3 of countries represented were western European, or North American.

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7
Q

What is an IGO?

A

An intergovernmental organization is an organization between multiple governments who have a common aim.

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8
Q

Give five examples of influential IGO’s.

A

UN (United Nations) IMF (International Monetary Fund) and WEF (World Economic Forum) WB (World Bank) WTO (World Trade Organization)

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9
Q

What do all of these IGO’s have in common?

A

They promote the spread and flourish of free capitalism.

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10
Q

What influential economic change occurred in 1986 in Britain?

A

The privatization of the economy under Margaret Thatcher.

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11
Q

What is Privatization / free market liberalization?

A

It is where restrictions and control over a country’s economy is lifted through cheaper tariffs and tax breaks, therefore encouraging competitive business in an economy.

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12
Q

What is the issue with Liberalization in some countries?

A

Some countries have an impoverished population therefore, cannot certain areas of the economy, for fear of harming public health. For example, Bolivia’s water privatization in 2001 meant only 38% of Bolivians had access to clean water.

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13
Q

Was the privatization of the UK successful under Thatcher?

A

Yes, because it generated £2 billion for the economy. No because the democratic voice of the people is weakened, because there is no accountability towards private businesses.

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14
Q

Name 5 influential trade blocs / IGO’s

A

USMCA, UN, International Court of Justice, UN secretary council, ASEAN.

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15
Q

Name 5 other influential trade blocs / IGO’s

A

The ANZUS Treats, North American Treaty organization, Collective Security Treaty, IPCC, CoP.

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16
Q

Who are the North American Treaty Organization?

A

It is a military treaty stating that if one member country is in under threat, all other members will come to its aid. This seems more necessary now that Russia is acting aggressive.

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17
Q

What is the ANZUS treaty?

A

A military treaty in which member countries have influence over the activity in the Pacific Ocean. Member countries include New Zealand, Australia, and the USA.

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18
Q

what is the Collective Security treaty?

A

Members of the former USSR in a military treaty. members include Russia, Armenia, and Kazakhstan. Members are diminishing.

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19
Q

What is the EU?

A

The European Union is the economic alliance between Europe and Ireland. If it were a country, it would have the largest GPD in the world.

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20
Q

Who are the USMCA?

A

Originally known as NAFTA, the USMCA is a trade agreement between north American countries. Trump changed the criteria for agreement, thus breaking up NAFTA, and adding new criteria such as 75% of an automobile having to be manufactured in the USMCA in order to qualify for no tariffs.

21
Q

Who are the ASEAN?

A

Agreement within southeast Asia with social, political, and economic aims. Have ties with countries such as China, which is a MINT.

22
Q

Who are the IPCC

A

The intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change publish influential papers on the impact of climate change, however they are often inconclusive, due to the uncertain nature of climate change.

23
Q

Who is CoP?

A

the UN Conference of Parties is a annual meeting of UN countries to discuss issues surrounding climate change.

24
Q

What is the UN Secretary Council?

A

Law-making decisions surrounding international sanctions.

25
Q

What is the UN Court of Justice?

A

Political organization aiming to settle disputed between member countries. Only incidents brought forward by countries can be considered.

26
Q

What was the Bosnian War?

A

After Bosnia declared independence from Yugoslavia, Bosnian Serbs launched an attack on the capital.

27
Q

What were the impacts of the Bosnian War?

A

100,000 were killed. 2 million were displaced. 7000 Bosnian men were subjected to genocide.

28
Q

What was the best global response to the Bosnian war?

A

After the violence, the UN created the Dayton accord.

29
Q

What was the unsuccessful response to the attack on Bosnia in 1992?

A

NATO tried to establish safe zones in Bosnia, this failed.

30
Q

What were the impacts of the Haiti earthquake of 2010?

A

250,000 died. 70% of the buildings in Port au Prince were destroyed.

31
Q

What was a successful response to the Haiti Earthquake?

A

The US air force established air and road traffic control using helicopters. The US coastguard sent in troops to aid with relief.

32
Q

What was the Ebola epidemic of 2014-2016?

A

In Liberia in 2014, Ebola emerged causing 11,000 deaths. The disease has a 70% mortality rate, and no vaccine.

33
Q

What was the response to the Ebola epidemic?

A

the UK responded by sending in 1500 troops, and 150 NSH personnel. Because of this, the epidemic subsided.

34
Q

What are the five richest TNC’s in the world?

A

Apple - $242 billion, Google - $207.5 billion, Microsoft - $162.9 billion, Amazon - $135.4 billion , Meta - $70.3 billion.

35
Q

Why does a country profit off its TNC’s?

A

Because these TNC’s will pay tax back to their country of origin or country of HQ.

36
Q

What is horizontal integration?

A

Where a company will merge its business with product on the same level. E.g., Apple and Logic, and Google with YouTube.

37
Q

What is vertical integration?

A

Where a company will expand its business by buying the entire supply chain. E.g., TEXACO owning the entire oil supply chain.

38
Q

Where and how is MacDonald’s influential?

A

It has 37,000 locations worldwide. Its influential through culture and capital, especially in the West.

39
Q

Where and how is apple influential?

A

It has 506 stores in 25 countries. It is influential because of its exclusive stores.

40
Q

Which countries are responsible for the highest carbon emissions on earth?

A

China, India, and the USA.

41
Q

What is the definition of ‘middle-class’?

A

Someone who earns between 10-100 pounds a day.

42
Q

How many people are expected to become part of the middle class by 2030?

A

4.9 billion.

43
Q

How will climate change affect India?

A

8.1 million will be directly affected. Drought will impact 18/29 states because 80% of surface water is polluted.

44
Q

How are India changing their behavior in consideration of climate change?

A

They are cutting back on 2005 emissions by 35%

45
Q

How has China changed its behavior in consideration of climate change?

A

They are aiming to increase their 7% renewable energy consumption moving forward.

46
Q

How is China contributing to the climate crisis?

A

In 2016, China made 500 million tones of steel. in 2014, 49% of the world’s coal consumption came from China.

47
Q

How is the USA contributing to climate change?

A

Trump disputes evidence of climate change. in 2014, 11% of the world’s coal consumption came from the USA.

48
Q

How does the USA aim to change its behaviors in consideration of climate change?

A

aims to cut carbon emissions to 50% lower than 2005 levels.