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Geography - Superpowers (year 1.5) > EQ1 > Flashcards

EQ1 Flashcards

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1
Q

China spent what on military in 2019?

A

$100 billion

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2
Q

Define a geographical superpower

A

A nation with the ability to protect its global influence anywhere in the world, and be a dominant global force.

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3
Q

What’s the world’s only superpower?

A

the USA

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4
Q

Define hard power

A

A coercive use of power in which utilizes strategies such as military force and economic sanction to exert influence.

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5
Q

Define soft power

A

A way of exerting influence through persuasion and subversive strategies such as the media and the spread of culture.

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6
Q

Define Smart power

A

A combination of the two types of power.

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7
Q

Define unipolar

A

A state in which a sole nation has the largest influence over the globe through the utility of smart power.

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8
Q

Define multipolar

A

A state in which multiple nations have large influence over the globe through utilizing smart power.

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9
Q

Define and Index

A

A way of measuring using two or more combined factors

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10
Q

Which country had the highest oil production in 2019?

A

Saudi Arabia - 10,000 TWh

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11
Q

Which country had the largest gas reserves in 2019?

A

Russia - 100 trillion m3

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12
Q

Which country had the largest military expenditure in 2019?

A

China / USA - $100 billion (USD)

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13
Q

What are the 5 pillars of superpower status?

A

Economical, Cultural, military, political, resources.

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14
Q

What are the 5 cultural factors?

A

Food, clothing, traditions, religion, language.

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15
Q

What is a prerequisite to superpower status and power?

A

A flourishing economy.

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16
Q

Why is the USA a superpower?

A

Military: $100 billion. GDP per capita: $50,000. IMF voting power: 16.52%. Nuclear warheads: 6,800.

17
Q

What is Mackinder’s Heartland Theory?

A

The theory that any nation based on the center of Eurasia would have the most global influence due to its geographical advantage.

18
Q

What is colonialism?

A

The process whereby a nation gains partial or complete control over another area of land and imposes its societal practices upon it.

19
Q

What is neocolonialism?

A

The process whereby cultural, political, and economic pressures are placed upon another country, especially former dependencies.

20
Q

What is the Mercantile Phase of global influence?

A

1500-1850: The phase in which transfer of economic surplus arrived in Britain through looting and plundering.

21
Q

What was the Imperial Phase of global influence?

A

1850 - 1945: The phase in which The British Empire established control over colonies.

22
Q

What occurred between 1945 and 1990?

A

The Cold War.

23
Q

What were the allies to the USA vs the USSR?

A

USA: NATO, Japan, and South Korea.
USSR: Eastern Europe and Cuba.

24
Q

What were the cultural influences of the USA vs the USSR?

A

USA: Pro-consumerist media.
USSR: High arts and ballet

25
Q

What is the USA vs USSR military power?

A

USA: Largest navy in the world and CIA
USSR: nuclear warheads and KGB

26
Q

Who are the MINTs?

A

Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey

27
Q

What are the MINT’s?

A

A group of countries quickly developing economically the emerging world.

28
Q

Who are the BRICS?

A

Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa.

29
Q

What are the BRICS?

A

Countries with the fastest growing global economies in the developing world.

30
Q

What are Brazil’s strengths and weaknesses?

A

Large cultural influence: 2016 Olympic games. Lacking in Education

31
Q

What are Russia’s strengths and weaknesses?

A

Huge oil and gas reserves. Just invaded Ukraine.

32
Q

What are India’s strengths and weaknesses?

A

Youthful and educated population. High poverty levels.

33
Q

What are China’s strengths and weaknesses?

A

World’s largest economy. ageing population (OCP)

34
Q

What are Mexico’s strengths and weaknesses?

A

Close proximity to USA, giving it trading opportunity. high levels of drug related crime.

35
Q

What are Indonesia’s strengths and weaknesses?

A

Untapped natural resources. Deforestation issue leading to worsened natural disasters.

36
Q

What are Nigeria’s strengths and weaknesses?

A

Generates 1/4 of Africa’s GDP and oil rich. Incredibly corrupt government.

37
Q

What are Turkey’s strengths and weaknesses?

A

Youthful and educated population. External political tensions.

Geography - Superpowers (year 1.5) (6 decks)

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