Eq1, 3.3 Cities Land Use Change Flashcards
Describe the Clark-Fisher model
In the pre-industrial period, most jobs are in the primary sector, few in the secondary, and very little in the tertiary.
In the Industrial period, there are a decreasing number of primary sector jobs, though there are still many jobs in this sector; the number of secondary sector jobs is peaking, and the number of tertiary sector jobs is increasing.
In the post-industrial period, there are few primary sector jobs, mot many secondary, most jobs are tertiary sector, and there are some in the quaternary sector.
List and describe the 5 main stages that cities often go through
Urbanisation: population increases due to industrialisation, more jobs, better transport
Suburbanisation: a developed city becomes crowded and polluted, richer people move out to suburbs, air is cleaner, housing larger with gardens
De-industrialisation: industry in cities decline, often due to technological change, leads to fewer jobs
Counter-urbanisation:people leave cities to love in rural areas, population decline in inner city, increasing car ownership and improvement in transport, and IT improvements mean people can work from home, or commute
Regeneration:cities start to redevelop their city centres to attract people back
What are the 3 main types of urban land use? Give examples for each.
Commercial:office buildings, shopping centres, banks, hotels, retail parks
Industrial: factories, warehouses
Residential: blocks of flats, houses, estates
What is the difference between counter-urbanisation and suburbanisation?
Suburbanisation is people moving to the outskirts of a city, but are still classed as urban areas, this is usually for a better quality of life, as air is cleaner, housing larger and with gardens etc
Counter-urbanisation is people moving from a city(urban area) to rural areas(non-urban areas), usually as well for better quality of life as air is cleaner, land cheaper, therefore larger housing
What are the 4 factors that influence land use?
Accessibility:retail depends on people coming to and through the area to spend money, therefore areas with better transport links, eg train stations, motorways are good places for commercial land use
Availability: large industry is not suited for cities, as they are heavily built up, so not enough space. Availability affects cost
Planning regulation: planners try to balance different needs, economy, environmental…, authorities usually decide what they want the coty to look like, and allow different permissions for different places
Cost: land in city is expensive, because of lack of availability
What are common land use patterns on association with different city areas?
CBD: commercial-shops, businesses, hotels, tourism
Inner city:industrial, warehouses, factories some former factory houses usually terraced so residential
Suburbs:residential, houses, blocks of flats, playgrounds
Rural urban fringe: more rural-style:farming, golf courses, cottages, some larger houses
