EQ MSK

Question 1

early radiographic signs of osteoarthritis

Answer 1

joint effusion
osteophytes
enthesophytes

Question 2

late/severe radiographic signs of osteoarthritis

Answer 2

early changes + narrowing of joint space
sclerosis
lucent regions (demineralization or cystic changes)
anklyosis

Question 3

type I P3 fracture

Answer 3

non-articular oblique palmar/plantar process fracture

Question 4

type II P3 fracture

Answer 4

articular palmar/plantar process fracture

Question 5

type III P3 fracture

Answer 5

sagittal articular fracture

Question 6

type IV P3 fracture

Answer 6

extensor process fracture

Question 7

type V P3 fracture

Answer 7

comminuted fracture

Question 8

type VI P3 fracture

Answer 8

solar margin fracture

Question 9

type VII P3 fracture

what are the predisposing factors of this?

Answer 9

palmar process fracture in foals

hard footing or overtrimming

Question 10

what are the most common P3 fractures?

Answer 10

type I & type II

Question 11

what fractures are common in horses that perform sliding and turning activities (e.g. reining/working horses)

Answer 11

P2 fractures

Question 12

which views are best to assess for laminitis

Answer 12

lateral (esp for rotational vs sinking)
DP

Question 13

early changes on radiographs from laminitis

Answer 13

clinical signs often precede radiographic changes

early = loss of distinction between hoof wall and lamina

Question 14

what is a radiographic finding of severe laminitis

Answer 14

gas in the area of separation of hoof wall and lamina

Question 15

radiographic findings of chronic laminitis

Answer 15

rotation of P3
irregular dorsal margin of P3
“ski tip” of toe of P3
resorption and misshapen

Question 16

what do flexor cortex erosions of the navicular bone suggest?

Answer 16

soft tissue injury - such as to DDFT or navicular bursa

Question 17

equine foot projections

Answer 17

lateral
DP
DP60
DP65
navicular skyline “PP-DP”
D60Pr45L/MPaO

Question 18

equine fetlock projections

Answer 18

lateral
DP
flexed lateral
DMPLO
DLPMO

Question 19

equine metacarpal/metatarsal projections

Answer 19

lateral
DP
DMPLO
DLPMO

Question 20

fetlock common sites for osteophytes

Answer 20

proximal/distal sesamoid
dorsomedial/lateral P1
palmar process of P1

Question 21

radiographic sign of palmar osteochondral disease

Answer 21

flattening of distal palmar articular margin of MC3

Question 22

radiographic changes of sesamoiditis

Answer 22

enlarged vascular channels
irregular margins
increased opacity

Question 23

cause of dorsal proximal P1 fractures

Answer 23

overextension of fetlock joint

Question 24

what can periostitis lead to

Answer 24

stress fractures

Question 25

splint bone fractures in the proximal half are due to what?

Answer 25

secondary to trauma and are comminuted

Question 26

splint bone fractures in the distal half are due to what?

Answer 26

suspensory injury

Question 27

"splints" reactive periostitis is more common where and due to what?

Answer 27

medial and forelimbs trauma or secondary to strain on the interosseous ligament

Question 28

common site of osteochondrosis/OCD on the fetlock

Answer 28

sagittal ridge of MC3

Question 29

what is seen with chronic proliferative synovitis

Answer 29

smooth bone resorption on dorsal and palmar aspect of MC3 condyle

Question 30

where is sclerosis most common in the carpus

Answer 30

radial facet of the third carpal bone

Question 31

two types of carpal bone fractures

Answer 31

marginal "chip" fx slab fx

Question 32

common fracture sites of the carpus

Answer 32

proximal & distal intermediate cb proximal & distal radial cb proximal third cb distal medial radius

Question 33

what is an osteochondroma

Answer 33

cartilage capped exostosis proximal to physis

Question 34

what is an exostosis

Answer 34

bony protrusion at the level of the physis

Question 35

what is the major difference between foal and adult septic joints

Answer 35

foal - hematogenous adult - direct inoculation

Question 36

3 stifle views

Answer 36

lateral DP caudo45lateral - craniomedial-oblique

Question 37

which joints communicate in the tarsus?

Answer 37

top two joints

Question 38

which joints communicate in the carpus?

Answer 38

bottom two

Question 39

which joints communicate in the stifle

Answer 39

FP & MFT FP & LFT 25% of the time

Question 40

where on the stifle do osseous cyst like lesions most commonly occur

Answer 40

medial femoral condyle

Question 41

where on the stifle do fragmentation/concave defects (osteochondrosis) most commonly occur

Answer 41

lateral femoral trochlea patella

Question 42

what view is the best to screen for osteochondrosis lesions of the stifle?

Answer 42

caudo45lateral-craniomedial oblique

Question 43

4 views for tarsus

Answer 43

lateral DP DMPLO DLPMO

Question 44

what is the earliest sign of osteoarthritis in the tarsus

Answer 44

osteophyte formation "bone spavin"

Question 45

what are the most common sites of osteochondrosis in the tarsus

Answer 45

DIRT (distal intermediate ridge of tibia) lateral trochlear ridge of talus medial trochlear ridge of talus medial malleolus

Question 46

what view is best to look at the most common OC lesions of the tarsus?

Answer 46

DMPLO - for DIRT & lateral trochlear ridge of talus

Question 47

what view do you need to look for OCD of the medial malleolus

Answer 47

(D10L-PMO)

Question 48

roentgen signs

Answer 48

SLOMNS size location opacity margination number shape