EQ 1 Case Study/ Example Stats

Question 1

When did steam power emerge in Britain?

Answer 1

1800’s- steamships and trains, transported goods and armies quickly along trade routes into Asia and Africa.

Question 2

When did railways become essential in supporting globalisation?

Answer 2

1800’s- railway networks expanded globally. Railway networks connected multiple countries at a time and in the uk; proposed ‘high speed 2 railway’ (linking London and northern eng) will halve journey times

Question 3

When was containerisation introduced ?

Answer 3

When? - 1956

Question 4

Advantage of container shipping in terms of money?

Answer 4

It’s now possible to shift $500,000 worth of consumer electronics from shanghai to Felixtowe for up $3,000. And now China is accountable for the manufacturing of 96% of the world’s containers as country with worlds largest manufacturing output in 2020.

Question 5

Jet aircrafts; when did the intercontinental Boeing 747 model arrive?

Answer 5

1960’s- made travel more commonplace and held title of worlds largest passenger capacity plane.

Question 6

EasyJet- when was it found?

Answer 6

Found in 1995 and started with only 2 aircrafts but successful as it ‘made flying as affordable as a pair of jeans’

Question 7

How many passengers did it gain in 2002 and 2014

Answer 7

2002- 11,000,000

2014- 65,000,000

Question 8

By 2014 easyJet owned 200 planes also consisting of the Boeing model, and brought in revenues of how much?

Answer 8

Of nearly £4 billion

Question 9

How many individual container movements take place each year?

Answer 9

200 million

Question 10

Disadvantages of Containerisation; What is its effect on the environment?

Answer 10

The worlds merchant fleet are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions - bunkerfuel

Question 11

INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGY; When was Facebook launched?

Answer 11

2004

Question 12

How many Facebook likes are registered globally?

Answer 12

More than 4.5 billion users likes- extensive global networks of people surround the most popular twitter feeds aswell, such as lady gaga (40 million) and Taylor swift (36 million)

Question 13

When was Skype launched?

Answer 13

2003

Question 14

ICT & Tech; economic globalisation; how much dollars worth of currencies are exchanged every year worldwide?

Answer 14

$2,000 trillion exchanged using online banking.

Question 15

ICT & cultural globalisation;

During 2017, what proved that ICT was accommodating cultural globalisation?

Answer 15

2017, Song Despacito by Luis Fonso and daddy yankee has now clocked up over 6.9 billion views and holds it’s current place as the most watched youtube music video of all time

Question 16

POLITICS AND ECONOMIC ORG’S CONTRIBUTION TO GLOBALISATION;

When was the Bretton Woods institution established?

Answer 16

After the Second World War in the USA

Question 17

Purpose of the Bretton Woods institution?

Answer 17

To restabilise the world economy and avoid a return to conditions that prevailed during the Great Depression of the 1930’s.
Now they have grown to persuading developing countries to embrace free market economics and glob.

Question 18

What is the purpose of the IMF?

Answer 18

purpose is to ensure the stability of the international monetary system—the system of exchange rates and international payments that enables countries (and their citizens) to transact with each other.

Question 19

Criticisms of the IMF?

Answer 19

• Voting rights are not proportional to the amount of money invested by a member country into the fund - for e.g; USA has 17% of the voting rights due to a larger and wealthier economy = more power
• IMF has controversial rules and regulations imposed on recipients called the SAP’s- they are meant to encourage development through the structural adjustment of the economy but they sometimes worsen economy because recipients are insisted to cut spending on services like health and infrastructure

Question 20

WTO; purpose?

Answer 20

To draw up rules for international trade and to persuade countries to remove tariffs and taxes on foreign imports & subsidies to domestic products so trade is free without barriers
In summary; to LIBERALISE trade

Question 21

TWB; purpose?

Answer 21

Lends money on a global scale

Question 22

Criticism of TWB?

Answer 22

Same proportional voting system based on amount of money each country has invested
US- 16%
Power lies within the hands of the wealthiest economies

Question 23

Structural adjustment in Cochabamba Bolivia;

Historical and economic build up to privatisation ?

Answer 23

Succession of governments attempted to wrench Bolivia out of poverty through structuralist measures; SAP set up by TWB and IMF collapsed in 1981 in attempt to take Bolivia out of poverty = 6 years of negative economic growth.

Question 24

When did the Bolivian gov grant a 40 year contract SEMAPA in Cochabamba to aguas de tunari?

Answer 24

1999

Question 25

1999- What did TWB state about Cochabamba in an economic report ?

Answer 25

“No public subsidies should be given to ameliorate the increase in water tariffs in Cochacamba “ - suggesting TWB knew far back that citizens of Cochabamba would be hit with price hikes

Question 26

What problems occurred after the water privatisation in Cochabamba ?

Answer 26

- Water tariffs increased by 200-300% just weeks after Aguas del tunari took over - family incomes in cochabamba were halved due to increased spending on water

Question 27

When was the public protests staged in response of the burden of new water prices?

Answer 27

Feb 2000- effectively shut down the city for 4 consecutive days

Question 28

TRADE BLOCS; EU | How many member countries?

Answer 28

28

Question 29

ASEAN ; how many members?

Answer 29

10

Question 29

When and How much did TWB lend to the Philippines?

Answer 29

2014- $470 million loan granted for poverty reduction programme

Question 30

USMCA; what does usmca stand for?

Answer 30

US-Mexico-Canada Agreement

Question 30

Benefits of trade blocs for TNC's ; What did British owned tesco gain from EU?

Answer 30

Ten extra nations joined in 2004 and Tesco gained 75 million extra customers.

Question 31

Globalisation has affected some places more than others;measuring glob. Define the KOF index

Answer 31

A multi strand approach to measuring glob. using economic, social and political glob.

Question 32

Achievements of ASEAN?

Answer 32

Overall trade has grown from $10 billion to $2.4 trln in 2020 up to 60 percent of total growth since 1990 has come from productivity gains, as sectors such as manufacturing, retail, telecommunications, and transportation which grow more efficient as their young population continues to grow.

Question 33

Since when was KOF used?

Answer 33

1970

Question 34

What are the 4 main indicators used to calculate the AT KEARNEY index?

Answer 34

Economic integration Personal contact Technological connectivity Political engagement

Question 35

What was the KOF index’s most globalised country results mostly European?

Answer 35

Ireland and Belgium were the world’s most globalised countries - both of which are in the European Union = free movement of people without having to apply for a visa and wealthy countries due to the vast amount of trading of materials opportunities with countries within trade bloc (28 countries)

Question 36

when was the Kearney index first published?

Answer 36

2008

Question 37

Where does the USA and Canada place on the Kearney index?

Answer 37

USA; 4th | Canada ;6th

Question 38

How much of the world’s GDP and population does Kearney account for?

Answer 38

World pop. 84% | World’s GDP. 96%

Question 39

GLOCALISATION BY TNC’s MCDONALDS INDIA; when did McDonald’s open its first restaurant in india?

Answer 39

1996 after open door policy in 1991

Question 40

Give examples of food that caters to Indian diet ,sold by McDonald’s India

Answer 40

Mc Aloo tikki | Mc veggie burger

Question 41

When did McDonald’s prove that it was glocalising it’s food according to religious diet restrictions ?

Answer 41

opened a vegetarian restaurant for Sikh pilgrims visiting Amritsar (home to the Golden temple)

Question 42

Proof of the effect of McDonald’s localisation combined with increased wealth via outsourcing of services to India?

Answer 42

Eating out has gone up 9-10x from just 3x per 100 meals

Question 43

How many employeees does McDonald’s India have at present?

Answer 43

Nearly 4000

Question 44

What are the other fast food restaurant competitors up against McDonald’s?

Answer 44

Dominos pizza has more than 500 restaurants across India

Question 45

SWITCHED OFF LOCATIONS; NORTH KOREA ; since when has NK followed the junche ‘self sufficiency policy ?

Answer 45

Since 1955 - minimising trade with other countries

Question 46

Why may critics argue that North Korea is beginning to slowly open up to globalisation?

Answer 46

NK trades with China - and the Kaesong SEZ was set up - employing 52,000 ppl on the border of South Korea

Question 47

COUNTRIES THAT HAVE RECEIVED FDI FOR YEARS AND ARE STRUGGLING TO SWITCH ON ; ZAMBIA (former British colony); give 2 reasons for why Zambia struggles economy wise.

Answer 47

1. Landlocked - has to rely on good political relations with its neighbours to access ports 2. Chinese investment in the Benguela rail link that carries CU for exports to the Angolan coast aswell as many others have risen the rate of CU exports since 2008 however the value of CU has fallen in recent years as fibre optic cables increasingly replace it in telecommunications

Question 48

How much of Africa’s CU production does Zambia account for?

Answer 48

70%

Question 49

How much FDI has been invested into Zambia’s CU industry ?

Answer 49

$20 bln- to part process the ore and add value to it

Question 50

TANZANIA; what percentage of its population is employed in agriculture?

Answer 50

80%

Question 51

When did the HIPC initiative lead to the cancellation of Tanzania’s debts?

Answer 51

2001

Question 52

What happened to Tanzania’s econ. From 2006-2016

Answer 52

The global market price of just one of its main crops; raw cotton fluctuated from just $0.40 per pound to $2.00 dollars (a high price). Encouragement Global overproduction Fluctuations of cotton prices No guarantee if income due to fluctuation GDP

Question 53

Give proof of the EU protecting its own member states manufacturers

Answer 53

2006- bra wars- EU blocked imports of underwear by Clothes manufacturers from China on basis that the annual quota had been exceeded - thus jeopardising sales of EU clothing makers

Question 54

ranks for 2020 most globalised countries?

Answer 54

1) switz 2) neth 3) belgium 4) sweden 5) Uk

Question 55

Summarise the significance of technology to globalisation?

Answer 55

Reduce costs of transportation and communication across nations and thereby facilitate global sourcing of raw materials and other inputs. Also contributing to emergence of global village - attracting investment and cultural globalisation.

Question 56

advantages of technological advancements for countries?

Answer 56

A fair platform on which countries can compete; A large number of firms in advanced countries are now outsourcing labour intensive services from developing countries like India using technology, in past made up for 15%, now in 2017 - 50% of India's annual GDP

Question 58

How does USMCA adjust to 21st century economy?

Answer 58

includes a digital chapter that provides stronger protection and stimulation of intellectual property rights and digital trade.

Question 59

benefit of USMCA and NAFTA for mexico?

Answer 59

attracts FDI NAFTA = tripled investment by US companies up to $100 bln worth USMCA lower operating costs = FDI from 10 Major chinese companies - projected to increase GDP of Mexico. Trade between all 3 countries quadrupled after NAFTA