Epstein Barr Virus Flashcards
what type of virus is EBV
group 1 (dsDNA)
herpes family
how is EBV transmitted
infected saliva
what type of infection (acute/chronic/latent) does EBV cause
latent
which cells does EBV infect
- initially replicates in oropharyngeal epithelium
2. progeny viruses infect B cells (via C3bR) - latency and B cell immortalisation
what is the main disease caused by EBV
infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever)
what are the symptoms of IM
classical clinical triad:
- fever
- pharyngitis
- lymphadenopathy (cervical lymph node enlargement)
can also present with splenomegaly, headache and malaise
which malignancies can arise from EBV infection
- Burkitt’s lymphoma
2. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
what is the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis
norovirus
what type of virus is norovirus
group IV (ssRNA)
what type of infection (acute/chronic/latent) does norovirus cause
acute
how is norovirus transmitted
- faecal-oral route
- person-to-person
is v. contagious
in which cell type does norovirus replicate
small intestine cells
describe the management of norovirus gastroenteritis
supportive: fluids, antiemetics, antidiarrhoeals
what type of virus is adenovirus
dsDNA
describe the structure of adenovirus
- non-enveloped
- unique fibre associated with each penton base of capsid
how is adenovirus transmitted
inhalation of airbornevirus - highly contagious
in which cell type does adenovirus replicate and how does it enter these cells
- replicates in epithelial cells, e.g. resp. tract, eye, intestine and urinary tract
- fibre protein binds to cell R (CD46)… penton base protein interacts with integrin… endocytosis via clathrin-coated pits
what diseases can adenovirus cause
- respiratory infections, e.g. viral pneumonia, acute resp. disease, acute febrile pharyngitis
- GI infections - infantile gastroenteritis
- occular infections
- urinary tract infections
how is norovirus diagnosed
ELISA of stool specimens
which antiviral can be used to treat herpes simplex and varicella zoster
acyclovir
what is the MOA of acyclovir
inhibits viral DNA polymerase
which antiviral can be used to treat influenza A and B
oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
what is the MOA of oseltamivir
inhibits viral neuraminidase
