Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histo Final Exam Extravaganza! > Epithelium > Flashcards

Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

a group of cells that function together to carry out specialized activities

A

a tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Covers body surfaces and lines hollow organs, body cavities, duct , and form glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Connective tissue

A

Protects, supports, and bind organs, stores energy as fat, provides immunity (Cartilage, bone, blood)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Selective transport in epithelium

A

diffusion, absorption, secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Characteristics of epithelial tissue

A
  1. Surface specialization
  2. Arrangement of cells
  3. Cell junctions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Basement membrane allows for interaction between _____ and ____

A

epithelium and connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T/F? Epithelium contains blood vessels

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Types of morphological apical surface specialization?

A

Microvilli, cilium, stereocilium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Microvilli are most developed in which tissues?

A

Absorptive: intestinal epithelium, kidney tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Characteristics of microvilli

A 
Finger like (1-2 um) extensions of plasma membrane
Increase surface area
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cell type where cilia are found?

A

Columnar cells in respiratory tract and oviduct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Characteristics of cilia?

A

Motile surface projections (7-10 um/ able to distinguish with light microscope) involved in one way transport of materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cytoskeleton of cilium

A

2 central microtubules surrounded by 9 doublets, provides scaffold for proteins (molecular motor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Symptoms of Ciliary dyskinesia

A 
A slow clearance of mucus
Chronic respiratory tract infection
Rhinitis
Otitis media
Infertility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Stereocilum

A

enormous microvilli (10-50 um)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Location of stereocilia

A

auditory sensory cells in organ or Corti
Vestibular sensory cells in vestibular organ
head of epididymis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Changes to respiratory epithelium due to smoking

A

Callusing: epithelium adapting to stress/friction

Impacts ciliated cells first and mucus accumulates. Cell loss causes increased division and carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Function of stratified squamous epithelium

A

Protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The shape of which cell layer is used to name stratified epithelium?

A

apical surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

epidermal peg

A

epidermis thrust into connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

dermal papilla

A

connective tissue thrust into epidermis

22
Q

Transitional epithelium

A

Provides distensibility
Prevents urine from diffusing back into the body
ONLY in urinary system

23
Q

Lateral cell junctions

A

specialized structures which link each cell pair together into functional unit

24
Q

Types of cell junctions

A
  1. Tight junction (lateral surface)
  2. Anchoring junction (lateral and basal surface)
  3. Communicating junction (not physical, only signals)
25
Q

Tight junctions

A

unique to epithelial cells, web-like strands of transmembrane proteins fuse cells together. Run all the way around cell
Forms a barrier preventing diffusion of water-soluble molecules between adjacent cells and lumen
Maintains cell polarity

26
Q

types of anchoring junctions

A
  1. Zonula adherens
  2. Desmosome
    3 Hemidesmosome (basal)
27
Q

Anchoring junctions

A

resist separation by connecting cytoskeletons of cells/ ECM

28
Q

Zona adherens

A

Lateral surface

a. below the tight junction, surrounds cells like a belt
b. Cadherin is transmembrane glycoprotein, Plaque, Actin filiaments

29
Q

Desmosome

A

Lateral surface

a. binding spots between cells,
b. cadherin is transmembrane glycoprotein, plaque, intermediate filaments

30
Q

Hemidesmosome

A

Basal surface
Resemble half desmosome
Anchor epithelial cells to underlying basement membrane (ECM)
Integrin is transmembrane glycoprotein, plaque, intermediate filaments

31
Q

Exocrine Glands

A

made of secretory cells derived from surface epithelium
secrete product onto external or internal epithelial surfaces
Generally have ducts
Localized effects

32
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Hormones in blood stream travel to target organ
No ducts
Far reaching effects

33
Q

example of unicellular gland

A

goblet cells (exocrine but no ducts)

34
Q

Are glands mostly unicellular or multicellular?

A

Multicellular

35
Q

Simple vs compound duct

A

compound has branches

simple branched have more than one secretory unit but only one duct

36
Q

Simple tubular

A

Intestinal gland

37
Q

Simple branched tubular

A

gastric gland

38
Q

simple coiled tubular

A

sweat gland

39
Q

simple branched acinar

A

sebaceous gland

40
Q

compound tubular

A

seminiferous tubules in testes

41
Q

compound acinar

A

mammary glands

42
Q

compound tubuloacinar

A

salivary glands, pancreas

43
Q

Serous glands

A

secrete watery product with proteins/ enzymes

Exocrine pancreas, Parotid salivary, sweat gland (foot pad), lacrimal gland

44
Q

How does cytoplasm stain in Serous vs mucous glands?

A

Serous glands have darkly staining cytoplasm because their vesicles are rich in protein and rough ER. Mucous glands stain lightly.

45
Q

Mucous glands

A

secrete viscous substance rich in mucin (glycoproteins)
Lubricant to protect/ trap foreign bodies
Found in goblet cells and sublingual salivary gland

46
Q

Secretion of most salivary glands (not sublingual)

A

seromucous

47
Q

Merocrine/ eccrine glands

A

exocytosis

Pancreas, seat glands (foot pad)

48
Q

Apocrine glands

A

pinch off apical cell cytoplasm with cell product

Sweat glands in haired skin

49
Q

holocrine glands

A

whole cells

sebaceous glands

50
Q

Myoepithelial cells

A

share basal lamina of acinar cells
shares contractility of smooth muscles
Bound by oxytocin

Histo Final Exam Extravaganza! (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions