Epithelium Flashcards
Apical
free surface of epithelial cell
microvilli
increase surface area of cell
- contain actin core and terminal web
- fimbrin, myosin and spectin play a motor role
- look like a brush border
- have glycocalyx at the top
stereocilia
very long microvilli
-epididymis, vas deferens and hair cells only
nodal cilia
similar to primary cilia
basal surface
the surface that rests on the extracellular supporting layer
Basal lamina layers
lamina lucida
lamina densa
lamina reticularis
lamina lucida and lamina densa
contains collagen IV, adhesive glycoproteins (laminin, fibronectin), and proteoglycans.
anchoring filaments- laminin and type XVII
reticular lamina
made of collagen type III
lateral surface
zonula occludens
zonula adherens
macula adherens (desmosome)
goblet cell
cells that secrete mucins/mucous
terminal bar
zonula occludens and zonula adherens
simple squamous epithelia
- lining the lumen of all blood vessels (endothelium)
- lining of the body cavities and forming the surface layer of some organs (mesothelium)
- renal corpuscles (bowman’s capsule)
simple cuboidal epithelia
-kidney tubules and smaller ducts in the exocrine glands
simple columnar epithelia
-lining the lumen of the stomach, intestines, and gall bladder
stratified squamous epithelia
Minimally Keratinized- lumen of the vagina, esophagus and parts of the oral cavitiy
Maximally Keratinized- epidermis
stratified cuboidal epithelia
-larger size exocrine gland ducts (sweat glands)
stratified columnar epithelia
-lining exocrine glands, and in some areas of the urethra
transitional epithelia
- shape of the surface cells changes depending on the physiological status.
- only in urinary tract
- relaxed- large domes
- stretched- flat and rectangular
pseudostratified columnar epithelia
- appears to be stratified, but isn’t.
- trachea
metaplasia
transition from normal to normal epithelia
dysplasia
transition from normal to abmnormal epithelia
Endocrine glands
have no ducts
release product to connecting tissue and picked up by blood
Exocrine glands
empty into ducts
Merocrine
exocytosis release
Apocrine
secretory material contains a thin rim of apical cytoplasm
Holocrine
apoptosis of entire cell
simple
single unbranched duct
compound
multi branched duct
tubular
long tube shaped secretory unites
acinar (alveolar)
spherical shaped
tubuloacinar
mixture of tubular and acinar
Serous
secrete watery fluid rich in ions and glycoproteins
very eosinophilic
mucous cells
vacuoles flatten the nucleus
secrete mucinogens that mix with water to become mucin which is mucus
