Epithelial Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Four Basic Tissues

A

Epithelium
Connective Tissue
Muscle
Nervous Tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Epithelium

A

Covers body surfaces, lines body cavities, forms glands. Avascular, polarized, mitogenic and densely cellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Underlies and supports the other tissues, includes fibrous CT, cartilage, bone and adipose tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Muscle

A

Contraction, movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

Recieves, transmits, and integrates information to control body activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

T of F Epithelial cells are polarized

A

True: their plasma membrane differs in composition and function depending upon the cell surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Epithelia are attached to _____ which separates them from_____

A

Epithelial cells are attached to the basal lamina which separates the epithelial cells from the underlying connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Homophillic Interactions

A

Cell to cell binding with the same thing interacting

i. e. Cadherins binding together via Ca2+
i. e. Ig-Superfamily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Heterophillic Interactions

A

Cell to cell adhering via different things
Selectins on one cell binding to carbs
Integrins binding to receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cell-cell Adhesion

A

Zonula Adherens: belt desmosome
wraps around both cells
Desmosome: spot weld (macula adherens)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cell Matrix Adhesion

A

Occurs at the basal membrane

Focal Adhesions and Hemidesmosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3 molecular components of cell-cell adhesive junctions

A

Transmemrane Adhesion protein: i.e. cadherin/IgSF
Cytoplasmic Linker protein: i.e. catenin
Cytoskeletal Filament: actin, cytokeratins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Zonula Adherens (3 components)

A

Transmembrane adhesive proteins: cadherin, nectin
Cytoplasmic linker: beta/ alpha catenin
Cytoskeltal filament: actin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Desmosomes (3 components)

A

transmembrane: desmogleins/ desmocolins
Cytoplasmic linker: desmoplakin, plakoglobin
Cytoplasmic filament: IF cytoekratins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hemidesmosomes (3 components)

A

Attach cell to basal lamina
Transmembrane: integrins/ type 17 collagen
Linkers: plectin
Cytoplasmin filaments: cytokeratins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Focal Adhesions

A

Form link between actin and extracellular matirx
Transmembrnae: integrins
Cytoplasmin linker: talin, paxillin, vincullin
Cytoskeletal Filaments: actin

17
Q

Tight Junctions

A

Restrict diffusion of membrane components (like plastic ring on top of soda cans)
Transmembrane: Claudins, occludins
Linking protein: transcription factors
Cytoskeltal element: Actin

18
Q

Gap Junctions

A

Consist of transmembrane proteins (connexins) forming channels (Connexons)

19
Q

Basal Lamina

A

Product of epithelial cells
attaches epithelium to underlying CT
Composed of type IV collagen, lamins and proteoglycans

20
Q

Basolateral Folding

A

Amplification of surface area

Common in epithelia involved in water/ electrolyte reabsorption

21
Q

Apical Specializations

A

Microvilli, Cilia. Keratinization

22
Q

Microvilli

A

Increase surface area, core of actin filaments

23
Q

Cilia

A

Enclosed by cell membrane, (9+2) microtubules, motility and sensation
Dynein motor protein

24
Q

Keratinization

A

Protection, variable thickness, dead cells lost at surface.

25
Exocrine Glands
Maintain Connection with surface via ducts Products act locally at surface or lumen Cells are polarized and porducts are released apically
26
Endocrine Gland
Lost connection with surface epithelium Products circulated systemically via vaculature No obvious polarity i.e. Pituitary, pancreatic islets, parathyroid
27
Merocrine
exocytosis | mechanisms of exocrine glands
28
Apocrine
part of apical cytoplasm lost during secretion | mechanism of exocrine glands
29
Holcrine
Entire cell degenerates and is secreted i.e. Sebacious Gland mechanism of exocrine glands
30
Myoepithelial Cells
Contractile: properl secretion toward gland opening Maintain endpiece polarity and architecture Present in sweat, mammary, salivary and lacrimal glands
31
Mucous
High molecular weight glycoproteins (mucins)
32
Serous
Proteins, glycoproteins and enzymes