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HB1 > Epithelial Tissues > Flashcards

Epithelial Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Four Basic Tissues

A

Epithelium
Connective Tissue
Muscle
Nervous Tissue

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2
Q

Epithelium

A

Covers body surfaces, lines body cavities, forms glands. Avascular, polarized, mitogenic and densely cellular

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3
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Underlies and supports the other tissues, includes fibrous CT, cartilage, bone and adipose tissue

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4
Q

Muscle

A

Contraction, movement

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5
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

Recieves, transmits, and integrates information to control body activities

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6
Q

T of F Epithelial cells are polarized

A

True: their plasma membrane differs in composition and function depending upon the cell surface

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7
Q

Epithelia are attached to _____ which separates them from_____

A

Epithelial cells are attached to the basal lamina which separates the epithelial cells from the underlying connective tissue

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8
Q

Homophillic Interactions

A

Cell to cell binding with the same thing interacting

i. e. Cadherins binding together via Ca2+
i. e. Ig-Superfamily

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9
Q

Heterophillic Interactions

A

Cell to cell adhering via different things
Selectins on one cell binding to carbs
Integrins binding to receptor

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10
Q

Cell-cell Adhesion

A

Zonula Adherens: belt desmosome
wraps around both cells
Desmosome: spot weld (macula adherens)

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11
Q

Cell Matrix Adhesion

A

Occurs at the basal membrane

Focal Adhesions and Hemidesmosomes

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12
Q

3 molecular components of cell-cell adhesive junctions

A

Transmemrane Adhesion protein: i.e. cadherin/IgSF
Cytoplasmic Linker protein: i.e. catenin
Cytoskeletal Filament: actin, cytokeratins

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13
Q

Zonula Adherens (3 components)

A

Transmembrane adhesive proteins: cadherin, nectin
Cytoplasmic linker: beta/ alpha catenin
Cytoskeltal filament: actin

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14
Q

Desmosomes (3 components)

A

transmembrane: desmogleins/ desmocolins
Cytoplasmic linker: desmoplakin, plakoglobin
Cytoplasmic filament: IF cytoekratins

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15
Q

Hemidesmosomes (3 components)

A

Attach cell to basal lamina
Transmembrane: integrins/ type 17 collagen
Linkers: plectin
Cytoplasmin filaments: cytokeratins

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16
Q

Focal Adhesions

A

Form link between actin and extracellular matirx
Transmembrnae: integrins
Cytoplasmin linker: talin, paxillin, vincullin
Cytoskeletal Filaments: actin

17
Q

Tight Junctions

A

Restrict diffusion of membrane components (like plastic ring on top of soda cans)
Transmembrane: Claudins, occludins
Linking protein: transcription factors
Cytoskeltal element: Actin

18
Q

Gap Junctions

A

Consist of transmembrane proteins (connexins) forming channels (Connexons)

19
Q

Basal Lamina

A

Product of epithelial cells
attaches epithelium to underlying CT
Composed of type IV collagen, lamins and proteoglycans

20
Q

Basolateral Folding

A

Amplification of surface area

Common in epithelia involved in water/ electrolyte reabsorption

21
Q

Apical Specializations

A

Microvilli, Cilia. Keratinization

22
Q

Microvilli

A

Increase surface area, core of actin filaments

23
Q

Cilia

A

Enclosed by cell membrane, (9+2) microtubules, motility and sensation
Dynein motor protein

24
Q

Keratinization

A

Protection, variable thickness, dead cells lost at surface.

25
Q

Exocrine Glands

A

Maintain Connection with surface via ducts
Products act locally at surface or lumen
Cells are polarized and porducts are released apically

26
Q

Endocrine Gland

A

Lost connection with surface epithelium
Products circulated systemically via vaculature
No obvious polarity
i.e. Pituitary, pancreatic islets, parathyroid

27
Q

Merocrine

A

exocytosis

mechanisms of exocrine glands

28
Q

Apocrine

A

part of apical cytoplasm lost during secretion

mechanism of exocrine glands

29
Q

Holcrine

A

Entire cell degenerates and is secreted
i.e. Sebacious Gland
mechanism of exocrine glands

30
Q

Myoepithelial Cells

A

Contractile: properl secretion toward gland opening
Maintain endpiece polarity and architecture
Present in sweat, mammary, salivary and lacrimal glands

31
Q

Mucous

A

High molecular weight glycoproteins (mucins)

32
Q

Serous

A

Proteins, glycoproteins and enzymes

HB1 (18 decks)

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