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HB1 > Cell Cycle > Flashcards

Cell Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

Most human cells are found in ____ stage of development

A

Arrested G1 or G0

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2
Q

Which stage of the cell cycle is often the longest

A

S phase

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3
Q

Cdk

A

Cyclin Dependent Kinase

Normally phosphorylates serine or threonine

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4
Q

Cyclins

A

cdk regulatory subunit
Initiates conformational change of active site
Allows for phosphorylation of Cdk

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5
Q

Cell Checkpoints

A

Start (at G1)
G2/M Checkpoint
M checkpoint

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6
Q

Start Checkpoint

A

Regulated by G1/S - Cdk and S-Cdk

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7
Q

G2/M Checkpoint

A

Regulated by M-phase Cdk

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8
Q

Sister Chromatids separate during?

A

Anaphase
Initiated by a protease that cleaves sister chromatids apart
Anaphase A: Chromosomes are pulled toward polls
Anaphase B: MT are pushed apart

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9
Q

Cdk activity is highest during

A

Mitosis

Cdk activity is cyclical but peaks during mitosis

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10
Q

Cell Cycle

A 
G1: Growth phase
S: DNA duplication
G2: Two copies of each chromosome
(G1 + S + G2 = Interphase)
M = Mitosis PPMAT
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11
Q

CAK

A

cdk activating kinase
phosphorylates Cdk + Cyclin complex
phosphorylates threonine 160
constitutively active in humans

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12
Q

Wee1 & Myt 1

A

Phosphorylate Threonine 14 and Tyrosine 15 to inhibit Cdk + Cyclin Complex

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13
Q

Cdc 25

A

Dephosphorylates Threonine 14 and Tyrosine 15 to activate Cdk
Cdc is a phosphatase
Undo Myt 1 and Wee1

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14
Q

Cdk regulation

A

Ubiquitination targets for destruction by proteasome

Cdk Inhibitors of Cip/Kip and INK4 family

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15
Q

SCF complex

A

Skp1, Cullen, F Box protein

Active at G1 / S transition (targets substrates like cdk inhibitors and G1 / S cyclins)

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16
Q

APC

A

Anaphase promoting complex: activated during metaphase to degrade cyclins, and proteins that hold together sister chromatids

17
Q

Switch Like action of cell cycle

A

Bi-Stable Cdk that are positive feedback activated

18
Q

Cyclical action of cell cycle

A

Negative Feedback

APC destroys cyclins

19
Q

START is regulated by

A

E2F (transcription factor)
G1 Cdk activate E2F
E2F promotes transcription of G1 / S and S cyclins

HB1 (18 decks)

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