epithelial tissue I A

Question 1

c.t.

Answer 1

1. connective tissues

2. embedded tissues

Question 2

submucosa

Answer 2

1. CT

2. embedded tissue

Question 3

mucosa

Answer 3

1. epithelium

2. C.T.

Question 4

muscularis mucosa

Answer 4

smooth muscle

Question 5

mucosa has two layers and multiple tissues

Answer 5

1. epithelium

2. lamina propria

Question 6

lamina propria

Answer 6

1. C.T
2. embedded tissue
3. Blood vessels
4. muscle
5. epithelium

Question 7

epidermis=

Answer 7

epithelium

Question 8

dermis is

Answer 8

1. C.T
2. Blood vessels
3. epithelium
4. muscle
5. nerve

Question 9

hypodermis

Answer 9

1. superficial fascia
2. C.T
3. blood vessels
4. epithelium
5. muscle
6. nerve

Question 10

types of epithelium

Answer 10

1. simple squamous
2. simple cuboidal
3. simple columnar
4. stratified columnar
5. pseudostratified columnar
6. transitional
7. stratified squamous

Question 11

stem cell function

Answer 11

divide, renew and produce differentiated progeny

Question 12

What are epithelia?

Answer 12

Epithelia are the tissues that line body surfaces, body cavities, and the surfaces of internal tubes, ducts, and other spaces in organs.

Question 13

What do epithelia comprise?

Answer 13

They comprise the main functional units of glands and several organs.

Question 14

properties of epithelia?

Answer 14

1. adhere together
2. arranged in one to several layers or sheets
3. most are polarized
4. epithelial cells themselves are polarized
5. attached to basal lamina
6. undergo turnover or renewel
7. avascular
8. highly diverse

Question 15

How are most epithelia are polarized (asymmetric)?

Answer 15

apical and basal surfaces

Question 16

apical surface

Answer 16

free outer surface

exposed to the fluids or environment

Question 17

basal surface

Answer 17

or basolateral surface

connected to underlying connective tissue

Question 18

What is the basal lamina?

Answer 18

(a sheet of extracellular material)

It lines and is attached to the basal surface and is also attached to elements of the underlying connective tissue

Question 19

Explain how epithelial tissues undergo turn-over or renewal:

Answer 19

cells die and must be replaced by cell division and differentiation, processes that are driven by epithelial stem cells.

Question 20

What is the consequence of epithelial tissues being avascular?

Answer 20

Because they have no direct blood supply, nutrients and oxygen must diffuse through connective tissue and through the basal lamina to reach epithelial cells

Question 21

within any given epithelium, there can be______

Answer 21

several different cell types

Question 22

Functions of epithelia?

Answer 22

1. barrier that protects against abrasion, infection, harmful chemicals or radiation
2. selective absorption and transport of various molecule from the environment
3. Selective secretion of various molecules and fluids.
4. Movement of particles and mucous through passage ways.
5. Biochemical modification of molecules (e.g. liver)
6. Communication to (and from) other tissues and organs
7. Reception of sensory stimuli (e.g. smell, taste and touch)

Question 23

Different epithelia have distinct functions:

Answer 23

Some carry out a very specific function (e.g. cells of the anterior pituitary gland secrete pituitary hormones) while some carry out many of the functions listed above (e.g. the intestinal epithelium protects, absorbs, secretes, and sends molecular signals to other organs/tissues)

Question 24

Two special types of epithelia:

Answer 24

1. endothelium

2. mesothelium

Question 25

endothelium

Answer 25

tissue that faces blood and lymph

Question 26

Mesothelium:

Answer 26

the sheets of cells that line the enclosed internal spaces of the body cavities

Question 27

mucosa

Answer 27

moist linings of internal passage ways

Question 28

epithelia derived from

Answer 28

all 3 primary germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm)

Question 29

epithelial to mesenchymal transition

Answer 29

embyronic epithelia often disassemble and move into the mesenchymal tissue. There they may migrate to other locations to form new epithelia or they may transform into distinct non-epithelial cell lineages that give rise to other tissue

Question 30

Epithelial tissues line

Answer 30

all surfaces that face the outside world (e.g. the air and the passageways of the gastrointestinal tract) and they form the surfaces of internal tubes, ducts, and secretory tissues.

Question 31

The apical side faces _____

Answer 31

the space or outside world,

Question 32

Throughout the body, epithelia have a common general relationship to each of the other major tissue types;

Answer 32

connective tissues (CT), blood vessels (and blood), muscles, and nerves.

Question 33

the basal side is attached to the ____

Answer 33

basal lamina, which in turn is attached to the underlying connective tissue (CT)

Question 34

some specific sensory nerve cells make intimate contacts with _______.

Answer 34

specific epithelial cells specialized for sensory input (e.g. taste buds in the tongue).

Question 35

dendritic cells:

Answer 35

which infiltrate epithelia and can migrate out (and in), enter the connective tissue, and get into blood or lymph.