Episcleritis Flashcards
What is Episcleritis?
Inflammation of the episclera, the layer between the conjunctiva and sclera.
What are the common causes of Episcleritis?
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Lupus
- Crohn’s disease
- Stress
- Dry or dusty environments
What are the key signs of Episcleritis?
- Hyperaemia from dilated episcleral vessels
- Hyperaemia blanches with phenylephrine 10%
- No anterior chamber reaction
- No corneal or palpebral conjunctival involvement
- No effect on visual acuity
How does Episcleritis typically affect visual acuity?
It usually has no effect on visual acuity.
What are the common symptoms of Episcleritis?
- Acute onset
- Typically unilateral red eye, but bilateral in 25-50% of cases
- Mild ache or burning sensation
- Sometimes tender on palpation
- Occasionally watery eyes
Is Episcleritis usually unilateral or bilateral?
It is typically unilateral but can be bilateral in 25-50% of cases.
What sensation might a patient with Episcleritis feel?
A mild ache or burning sensation, sometimes tender on palpation.
How is Episcleritis managed?
- Self-limiting in 7-10 days
- Cold compress for relief
- Artificial tears for discomfort
- Seek help if symptoms persist
What treatment may be required for more severe cases of Episcleritis?
Corticosteroids and NSAID treatment may be required.
How long does it take for Episcleritis to resolve?
It is typically self-limiting and resolves in 7-10 days.
What should patients do if Episcleritis symptoms persist?
Seek medical help if symptoms persist beyond 7-10 days.
What effect does phenylephrine 10% have on hyperaemia in Episcleritis?
The hyperaemia blanches with phenylephrine 10%.
What systemic conditions are associated with Episcleritis?
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Lupus
- Crohn’s disease
Why might a patient with Episcleritis be referred for further investigation?
If symptoms suggest an underlying systemic disease, which occurs in about two-thirds of cases.
How common is recurrent Episcleritis?
The condition is commonly recurrent.
What is the role of artificial tears in managing Episcleritis?
Artificial tears help provide relief from discomfort and irritation.
What makes Episcleritis different from Scleritis in terms of pain?
Episcleritis typically causes only mild discomfort, while Scleritis often causes severe pain.
What is the usual prognosis for Episcleritis?
The prognosis is good as it is self-limiting and resolves in 7-10 days without significant complications.
What are common environmental triggers for Episcleritis?
Dry or dusty environments can trigger Episcleritis.
What should be done if Episcleritis is suspected to be linked to systemic disease?
Refer the patient for further investigation of possible systemic diseases.
