Episcleritis Flashcards

1
Q

What is Episcleritis?

A

Inflammation of the episclera, the layer between the conjunctiva and sclera.

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2
Q

What are the common causes of Episcleritis?

A
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Lupus
  • Crohn’s disease
  • Stress
  • Dry or dusty environments
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3
Q

What are the key signs of Episcleritis?

A
  • Hyperaemia from dilated episcleral vessels
  • Hyperaemia blanches with phenylephrine 10%
  • No anterior chamber reaction
  • No corneal or palpebral conjunctival involvement
  • No effect on visual acuity
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4
Q

How does Episcleritis typically affect visual acuity?

A

It usually has no effect on visual acuity.

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5
Q

What are the common symptoms of Episcleritis?

A
  • Acute onset
  • Typically unilateral red eye, but bilateral in 25-50% of cases
  • Mild ache or burning sensation
  • Sometimes tender on palpation
  • Occasionally watery eyes
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6
Q

Is Episcleritis usually unilateral or bilateral?

A

It is typically unilateral but can be bilateral in 25-50% of cases.

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7
Q

What sensation might a patient with Episcleritis feel?

A

A mild ache or burning sensation, sometimes tender on palpation.

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8
Q

How is Episcleritis managed?

A
  • Self-limiting in 7-10 days
  • Cold compress for relief
  • Artificial tears for discomfort
  • Seek help if symptoms persist
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9
Q

What treatment may be required for more severe cases of Episcleritis?

A

Corticosteroids and NSAID treatment may be required.

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10
Q

How long does it take for Episcleritis to resolve?

A

It is typically self-limiting and resolves in 7-10 days.

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11
Q

What should patients do if Episcleritis symptoms persist?

A

Seek medical help if symptoms persist beyond 7-10 days.

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12
Q

What effect does phenylephrine 10% have on hyperaemia in Episcleritis?

A

The hyperaemia blanches with phenylephrine 10%.

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13
Q

What systemic conditions are associated with Episcleritis?

A
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Lupus
  • Crohn’s disease
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14
Q

Why might a patient with Episcleritis be referred for further investigation?

A

If symptoms suggest an underlying systemic disease, which occurs in about two-thirds of cases.

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15
Q

How common is recurrent Episcleritis?

A

The condition is commonly recurrent.

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16
Q

What is the role of artificial tears in managing Episcleritis?

A

Artificial tears help provide relief from discomfort and irritation.

17
Q

What makes Episcleritis different from Scleritis in terms of pain?

A

Episcleritis typically causes only mild discomfort, while Scleritis often causes severe pain.

18
Q

What is the usual prognosis for Episcleritis?

A

The prognosis is good as it is self-limiting and resolves in 7-10 days without significant complications.

19
Q

What are common environmental triggers for Episcleritis?

A

Dry or dusty environments can trigger Episcleritis.

20
Q

What should be done if Episcleritis is suspected to be linked to systemic disease?

A

Refer the patient for further investigation of possible systemic diseases.