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1 STEP UWorld neuro+psycho > Epilepsy drugs > Flashcards

Epilepsy drugs Flashcards

1
Q

For what epilepsy: BZD?

A

Status epilepticus first-line

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2
Q

For what epilepsy: Carbamazepine?

A

Partial (common use); Tonic-clonic

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3
Q

For what epilepsy: Ethosuximide?

A

Absent seizures first line

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4
Q

For what epilepsy: gabapentin?

A

Partial (focal)

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5
Q

For what epilepsy: Lamotrigine?

A

Partial (focal), tonic-clonic, absence

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6
Q

For what epilepsy: Levetiracetam?

A

Partial (focal), tonic-clonic.
Status epilepticus (duodi BZD ir tada sita, kad nesikartotu)

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7
Q

For what epilepsy: Phenobarbital?

A

Partial (focal), tonic-clonic. Status epilepticus

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8
Q

For what epilepsy: phenytoin, fosphenytoin?

A

Partial (focal), tonic-clonic (common use). Status epilepticus - 1st line for recurrent seizures prophylaxis

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9
Q

For what epilepsy: topiramate?

A

Partial (focal), tonic-clonic

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10
Q

For what epilepsy: Valproic acid?

A

Partial (focal), tonic-clonic (common use), absence, status epilepticus (irgi ten kazkelintas eilej po BZD)

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11
Q

For what epilepsy: vigabatrin?

A

partiqal (focal)

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12
Q

BZD mechanism?

A

Incr. GABA A action (incr frequency of Cl- channel opening)

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13
Q

Carbamazepine mechanism?

A

Blocks Na channels

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14
Q

Ethosuximide mechanism?

A

Blocks T-type Ca channels in thalamic

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15
Q

Gabapentin mechanism?

A

Primarily inhibits high-voltage-activated-Ca channels.
Designed as GABA analog

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16
Q

Lamotrigine mechanism?

A

Blocks voltage-gated Na channels,
inhibits the release of glutamate

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17
Q

Levetiracetam mechanism?

A

unknown.
May modulate GABA and Glutamate release, inhibit voltage-gated Ca channels

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18
Q

Phenobarbital mechanism?

A

Incr. GABA A action

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19
Q

Phenytoin, fosphenytoin mechanism?

A

Blocks Na channels. zero-order kinetics

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20
Q

Topiramate mechanism?

A

Blocks Na channels, incr GABA action

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21
Q

Valproic acid mechanism?

A

Inc. Na channel inactivation, Incr. GABA concentration by inhibiting GABA transaminase

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22
Q

Vigabatrin mechanism?

A

Incr. GABA. Irreversible GABA transaminase inhibitor

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23
Q

Permanent visual loss (black box warning)?

A

Vigabatrin

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24
Q

Stevens Johnson Syndrome?

A

Lamotrigine, phenytoin, fosphenytoin, carbamazepine, ethosuximide

25
Induction of P-450?
Phenobarbital, phenytoin, fosphenytoin, carbamazepine
26
Sedation, tolerance, dependence, resp. depression?
BZD
27
Seizures in eclampsia?
BZD (bet MgSO4 vis tiek first line)
28
First line for trigeminal neuralgia?
Carbamazepine
29
teratogenic?
Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, fosphenytoin, vaproic acid
30
carbamazepine teratogenicity?
cleft lip/palate, spina bifida
31
Phenytoin, fosphenytoin teratogenicity?
fetal hydantoin syndrome
32
SIADH?
Carbamazepine
33
used for pheripheral neuropthy, postherpetic neuralgia?
Gabapentin
34
Sedation, ataxia?
Gabapentin
35
First line in neonates?
Phenobabital
36
which one cardiorespiratory depression and what only respiratory even less?
Cardioresp - barbiturates resp - BZD With BZD less risk for resp. depression
37
Migraine prophylaxis?
Topiramate
38
Myoclonic seizures, bipolar disorder, migraine prophylaxis?
Valproic acid
39
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (eg personality change), fatigue, drowsiness, headache?
Levetiracetam
40
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (blac box warning)?
Lamotrigine
41
Sedation, tolerance, dependence, induction of P450, cardioresp. depression?
Phenobarbital
42
Fatigue, GI distress, headache, ithchin (and urticaria) SJS?
Ethosuximide
43
Blood dyscrasias (agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia)?
Carbamazepine
44
Diplopia, ataxia, Blood dyscrasias (agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia), P450, SJS, teratogenic, SIADH
Carbamazepine
45
Weight loss?
topiramate
46
weight gain?
valproic acid
47
sedation, slow cognition, kidney stones, weight loss, glaucoma, word-finding difficulties?
topiramate
48
Gi distress, rare but fatal hepatotoxicity (measure LFT), pancreatitis, neutral tube defects, tremor, weight gain?
valproic acid
49
hirsuitism?
Phenytoin, fosphenytoin
50
Gingival hyperplasia?
Phenytoin, fosphenytoin
51
Nystagmus?
Phenytoin, fosphenytoin
52
Yellow-brown skin?
Phenytoin, fosphenytoin
53
Osteopenia?
Phenytoin, fosphenytoin
54
Inhibited folate absorbtion?
Phenytoin, fosphenytoin
55
neuropathy?
Phenytoin, fosphenytoin
56
DRESS syndrome?
Phenytoin, fosphenytoin
57
SLE-like syndrome?
Phenytoin, fosphenytoin
58
Toxicity leads to diplopia, ataxia, sedation?
Phenytoin, fosphenytoin

1 STEP UWorld neuro+psycho (10 decks)

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