Epigenetics 1

Question 1

Genetics

Answer 1

science of hereditary

refers to a single gene and its effects

Question 2

Genomics

Answer 2

study of the entire genome including the complex interactions among multiple genes as well as between genes and the environment

Question 3

nutrigenomics

Answer 3

science that examines the response of individuals to food compounds using post-genomic and related technologies

Question 4

Why is nutrigenomics important

Answer 4

most non-genetic diseases are behaviourally related
Finding right combination of nutrients for each genotype can help in changing behaviour and preventing many of these diseases
This combination may change with age, sex

Question 5

Nutrients act as dietary signals

Answer 5

nutritional factors–> transcription factors–> gene trascription–> energy homeostasis OR nutrient absorption OR cell proliferation

Question 6

Metabolic functions of nutrients and drugs

Answer 6

transcriptomatic platform
proteomic platform
metabolomic platform

Question 7

Dietary Ca, VDR Fokl genotype and colon cancer risk

Answer 7

Ff 2

ff 3 - when have < 388mg/day

Question 8

heart health

Answer 8

analyzes 13 of your genes that may play a role in determining how your body manages overall heart health

Question 9

bone health

Answer 9

analyzes 4 genes that may play role in determining how your body manages overall bone health

Question 10

Genetic assessment for antioxidant and detoxification

Answer 10

analyzes 6 of your genes that may play an important role in determining how you body manages overall antioxidant/detoxification

Question 11

Potential harms

Answer 11

attention drawn away from other modifiable risk factors
decreased use of other services
false sense of security
focus on specific nutrients/foods
ineffective or harmful
misleading claims
dilute or contradict public health message

Question 12

Genetics accounts of __ to ___ % of variability in drug disposition and effects

Answer 12

20-95%

Question 13

Non genetic factors that effect drug effcts include

Answer 13

compliance
age
state of health
diet
smoking
organ function

Question 14

Bronchodilator response to albuterol and genes

Answer 14

B2 adrenergic receptor genotype Gly-Glyc lowest response

Arg-Arg highest

Question 15

Pharmacogenoics

Answer 15

study of genome-derived data including human genetic variation, RNA and protein expression differences, to predict drug response in individual patients or groups of patients

Question 16

Benefits of pharmacogenomics

Answer 16

more powerful and efficacious medicines
better, safer drugs the first time
more accurate methods of determining appropriate drug doses
advanced screening for diseases
better vaccines

Question 17

Oncotype DX

Answer 17

diagnostic assay that quantifies the likelihood of breast cancer recurrence in women with newly diagnosed early stage breast cancer