epidermology

Question 1

epidemiology

Answer 1

is the study of how diseases often occur in different people and why.

Question 2

identify the core epidemiology functions

Answer 2

> it is the science that looks at health of the population not individual.
it is the fundamental science of public health
its epidemiological information is used to plan and evaluate strategies to prevent illness

Question 3

list the practice goals of epidemioloy

Answer 3

understand
implement
monitoring

Question 3

list the practice goals of epidemioloy

Answer 3

understand
implement
monitoring

Question 4

why there is a need for these goals

Answer 4

it is needed to identify emerging problems and also to assess the effectiveness measure to control old problems

Question 5

5 Ws

Answer 5

who
what
where
when
why

Question 6

definition of epidemiology

Answer 6

the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related events in specific population and the application of this study to the control of the health problems.

Question 7

main guiding principle about epidemiology

Answer 7

all the findings must relate to a defined population
orientated to groups than individuals
conclusion is based on comparisons.

Question 8

the father of epidemiology

Answer 8

John snow was the first to use maps and data to work out the origin of disease- cholera

Question 9

what is cholera

Answer 9

vibrio cholera is a bacterium that causes a profuse watery diarrhea

Question 10

all findings must relate to defined population

Answer 10

> is the measurement of a disease outcome related to a group/ population
population at risk refers to a group of individuals susceptible to the events that interest
population at risk is used as a denominator in calculations of measure disease frequently

Question 11

point 2: orientated to groups rather than individuals7t

Answer 11

> clinical observation- make decision about an individual
epidemiological observation- also make decision about an individual but relate to a group of people

Question 12

point 3: conclusion is based on comparison

Answer 12

Aetiology what causes the disease.
conclusion came from comparison of disease rates in groups with different levels of exposure.

Question 13

epidemiological triangle

Answer 13

is a model for studying health problems that is useful in analytic studies.

Question 14

3 sides of the triangle are formed by?

Answer 14

by the interactions between
>agents
>host
>environment

Question 15

aim of epidemiology

Answer 15

to break at least one of the triangles, to stop the continuation of the disease

Question 16

Measurements
of Disease
frequency

Answer 16

• Counts cases or health events, and describes
  them in terms of time, place, and person;
• Divides the number of cases by an appropriate
  denominator to calculate rates; and
• Compares these rates over time or for different
  groups of people Measuring

Question 17

Measuring Disease frequency
Population at risk

Answer 17

When calculating disease frequency, it is =important to have a
correct estimate of the number of people being studied.
Only people who are potentially susceptible to the diseases
being studied should be included. (eg. Don’t include men
when calculating frequency of cervical cancer.

Question 18

prevalence

Answer 18

is the proportion of a population that has a condition at a specific time.

Question 19

RR- relative risk

Answer 19

RR= EXPOSED/UNEXPOSED