Epidemiology: the study of dx, injury, and death in the community

Question 1

Epidemiology has been called “_____”

Answer 1

population medicine

Question 2

____: the study of the distribution and determinants of health related states or events in specific pops , and the app of this study to control health probs

Answer 2

epidemiology

Question 3

___: dx that occurs regularly in a pop (always there)

Answer 3

endemic dx (en= in)

Question 4

____: an unexpectedly large number of cases of illness

Answer 4

epidemic

Question 5

(2) recent epidemics in the US

Answer 5

HIV/AIDS

Lyme dx

Question 6

___: outbreak of dx that begins in animals and spreads to humans

Answer 6

epizootic

Question 7

____: outbreak of dx over a wide geographical area

Answer 7

pandemic

Question 8

___ is the father of medicine

Answer 8

Hippocrates

Question 9

____ : He suggested a relationship btw dx and environment

Answer 9

hippocrates

Question 10

____: the number of events that occur in a given pop in a given period of time

Answer 10

rates

3 categories: natality (birth), morbility (sickness), mortality (death)

Question 11

____: the number of new health related events or cases of a dx in a pop

Answer 11

incidence rate

Question 12

______: calc by dividing all current cases of a dx by the total population at risk

Answer 12

prevalence rate

Question 13

____: those dx that last 3mo. or less

Answer 13

acute dx

Question 14

____: those dx that last 3+mo

Answer 14

chronic dx

Question 15

_____: cumulative incidence of infection in a group bserved during an epidemic / Number of people exposed

Answer 15

attack rate

Question 16

____: number of new cases

Answer 16

incidence

Question 17

____: expressed as %, measures the severity of a dx

Answer 17

case fatality rate

Question 18

_____: electronic reporting system used by stat health departments and CDC

Answer 18

National Electronic Telecommunications system

Question 19

_____: a report the CDC used to present notifiable dx data

Answer 19

Morbidity and mortality weekly report

Question 20

(3) commonly used vaccines

Answer 20

1. live attenuated viral vaccines
2. Killed or fractionated viral vaccines
3. Killed or fractionated bacterial vaccines

Question 21

__: modified bacterial toxin that has been rendered non-toxic , but retains the ability to stim that formation of antitoxins

Answer 21

toxoid

Question 22

leading causes of death in 1900 (4)

Answer 22

pneumonia
influenza
TB
diarrhea

Question 23

leading cause of death in 2007 (3)

Answer 23

heart dx
cancer
stroke

Question 24

name the 4 types of epidemiological studies:

Answer 24

descriptive studies
analytical studies: prospective studies (cohort)
retrospective studies (case control)
experimental

Question 25

___: period of time btw exposure to an infection of agent and the onset of sx

Answer 25

incubation period