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CARDIO > Epidemiology of CVDs > Flashcards

Epidemiology of CVDs Flashcards

1
Q

Describe EPIDEMIOLOGIC SHIFT

A

Decrease in infectious diseases

Increase in chronic diseases

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2
Q

Give reasons of epidemiologic shift

A

Aging population
More exposure to risk factors
DM rise
More modalities of treatments for infectious diseases

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3
Q

Age of degenerative diseases

A

35-65% total deaths from CVds

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4
Q

Age of delayed degenerative disease

A

50% deaths from CVDs

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5
Q

Age of health regression and social upheaval

A

Reemergence of deaths

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6
Q

Disability-Adjusted Life Years

A

Measure of disease burden

YLL + YLD

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7
Q

Give the 3 risk factors for CVDs

A

Cholesterol over 3.8mmol/L
Tobacco
Systolic BP ovet 115mmHG

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8
Q

Modifiable risk factors of CVD

A 
Smoking
Dyslipidimea
Raised BP
DM
Obesity
Nutrition
Thrombogenic facots
Lack of exercise 
Excess alcohol consumption
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9
Q

Non-modifiable risk factors of CVD

A

Personal history of CVD
Family history of CVD
Age
Gender

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10
Q

Four major diseases that contributed to 80% of all disease mortality globally

A

CVD
Cancer
Diabetes
COPD

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11
Q

Life expentancy of males vs females

A

Males - 68.8 yrs

Females - 74.3 yrs

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12
Q

Leadins causes of mortality in PH

A

Diseases of the heart and vascular system

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13
Q

National Nutrition Survey

A 
Obesity
Hypertension
Diabetes
Lipid profile
Smoking
Alcohol consumption 
Physical activity
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14
Q

Measurements to determine obesity

A

BMI - gold standard

  • Waist-hip ratio
  • Waist circumference

*better correlation to CVDs

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15
Q

Waist circumference is a measure of what?

A

Central obesity! :)

Females > Males
Urban > Rural

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16
Q

Hypertension (single visit measurements)

A

M > F

Higher at => 40 yrs

17
Q

Prevalence of hypertension

A

Low prevalence among professionals and clerks (but aren’t they sedentary?)

High prevalence among laborers

18
Q

Prevalence of hypertension among adults based on previous history of hypertension and taking anti-hypertensive meds

A

23.9% - same as single measurement

19
Q

Lipid profile of Filipinos

A

High LDL cholesterol levels (F>M)
47.2%
Bicol

Low HDL cholesterol levels (F>M)
73.1%

Triglyceride levels (M>F)
38.6%
20
Q

Smoking (inc/dec)

Current smokers
Never smokers
Former smokers

A

Current smokers - decrease
Never smokers - increase
Former smokers - increase

21
Q

Alcohol consumption

A

M > F

Eastern Visayas

Current drinkers > lifetime abstainers > forner drinkers

22
Q

Physical inactivity

A

F > M

CARDIO (10 decks)

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