CHF in Children Flashcards

1
Q

CO = HR x SV

What is SV? What factors affect it?

A

SV - volume of blood pumped out of LV per contraction

Depends on:
Preload
Contractility
Afterload

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2
Q

Compensatory mechanisms of heart failure

A

Increased preload
Increased cardiac rate
Increased afterload
Myocardial hypertrophy and/or LR remodeling

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3
Q

Physiological compensations: neurohormonal activation

A

SNS
RAAS
AVP/ADH

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4
Q

Hallmarks of heart failure

A

Easy fatigability –> shock (extreme) –> death

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5
Q

Hallmark: Easy fatigability

A

Intermittency of feeding

Gets tired faster than peers or playmates

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6
Q

Hallmark: Shock

A

Altered sensorium (irritability due to insufficient oxygen supply to the brain)

Decreased urine output
Tachycardia
Cold extremities
Hypotension

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