Epidemiology 3

Question 1

what is the role of epidemiology

Answer 1

measurement of amount and distribution of disease, and natural history of disease

Question 2

what is prevalence

Answer 2

number of disease cases in a population at a given time
number of affected individuals over total number of persons in population

Question 3

what is incidence

Answer 3

number of new disease cases developing over a specific period of time in a defined population
number of new cases of a disease in a period over number of individuals in the population at risk

Question 4

what are the oral health examples of epidemiology

Answer 4

dental caries in children
adult oral health
periodontal disease
oral cancer
oro-facial trauma

Question 5

what helps to work out dental caries in children

Answer 5

dental indices like dmft
exams at p1 and p7 in school

Question 6

what are the properties of an ideal index

Answer 6

clear, not subjective
ideally correspond with clinically important stages
indicate treatment need
within ability of examiners
reproducible
not time-consuming
acceptable to patient
amenable to statistical analysis
allow comparison with other studies

Question 7

what are the limitations of DMF index

Answer 7

teeth extracted for reasons other than caries
influenced by access
difficulty in differentiating fissure sealant from restorations
influenced by past disease activity
cannot be used for root caries

Question 8

what is NDIP

Answer 8

national dental inspection programme

Question 9

what does the adult dental health survey measure

Answer 9

total tooth loss, number of teeth and function
condition of natural teeth, restorative treatment and supporting structures
social and behavioural characteristics and oral health
trends in tooth loss and condition of natural teeth
dental attitudes and reported behaviour
reports by country

Question 10

what indices are used for periodontal disease

Answer 10

plaque and bleeding
BPE