EPI: Chapter 1

Question 1

Study of factors that determines the occurrence and distribution of disease in a population.

Answer 1

Epidemiology

Question 2

Population-oriented studies of the
community origins of health
problems.

Answer 2

Classical or Classical Epidemiology

Question 3

Uses of research designs and
statistical tools to study patients in
health care settings.

Answer 3

Clinical or Clinical Epidemiology

Question 4

Depended more heavily on
laboratory support (especially
microbiology and serology).

Answer 4

Infectious Disease or Infectious Disease Epidemiologist

Question 5

Depends on
complex sampling and statistical
methods.

Answer 5

Chronic Disease or Chronic Disease Epidemiologist

Question 6

The cause or origin of a disease or
abnormal condition.

Answer 6

Etiology

Question 7

The goal of prevention is whether

Answer 7

Preventive or Therapeutic

Question 8

Before the disease process begins,
early intervention may avert
exposure to the agent of a disease,
preventing the disease process
from starting.

Answer 8

Pre-disease Stage

Question 9

When the disease process has
already begun but is still
asymptomatic, screening for the
disease and providing appropriate
treatment may prevent
progression to symptomatic
disease.

Answer 9

Lantent Stage

Question 10

When disease manifestations are
evident, intervention may slow,
arrest, or reverse the progression
of disease. (tertiary prevention)

Answer 10

Symptomatic Stage

Question 11

“who” is the person or organism
harboring the disease.

Answer 11

Host

Question 12

“what” is whatever causes the
disease.

Answer 12

Agent

Question 12

“what” is whatever causes the
disease.

Answer 12

Agent

Question 13

“where” is the external factors that
cause or allow disease
transmission.

Answer 13

Environment

Question 14

“how” the disease is transmitted
and must have a specific
relationship to the agent, the
environment, and the host.

Answer 14

Vectors

Question 15

What does the acronym BEINGS stands for?

Answer 15

Biologic factors and Behavioral factors
Environmental factors
Immunologic factors
Nutritional factors
Genetic factors
Services, Social factors, and Spiritual factors

Question 16

It is the most difficult to change

Answer 16

Genetic Factors

Question 17

It is the easiest to change

Answer 17

Immunological Factors

Question 18

It is the genetic change in the influenza virus are major

Answer 18

Antigenic Shift

Question 19

It is the genetic change in the influenza virus are major

Answer 19

Antigenic Drift

Question 20

protects immunized individuals but also prevents that person from transmitting the disease to others.

Answer 20

Herd Immunity

Question 21

Polio remains endemic in only three countries

Answer 21

Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nigeria

Question 22

Which began in England about the middle of the century, was the most important factor in reducing infant mortality.

Answer 22

Sanitary Revolution

Question 23

Variation in the severity of a disease process

Answer 23

Iceberg phenomenon

Question 24

is the process of identifying the nature and cause of a disease through evaluation of clinical history, review of symptoms, examination, or testing.

Answer 24

Diagnosis

Question 25

frequently are used to determine the most effective treatment in a given situation.

Answer 25

Clinical Epidemiology

Question 25

frequently are used to determine the most effective treatment in a given situation.

Answer 25

Clinical Epidemiology

Question 26

The combined efforts of two or more entities to produce a greater effect than what the overall effect would be if each entity worked independently.

Answer 26

Synergism

Question 27

Surveillance, observation, hypothesis testing, analytic research, and experiment.

Answer 27

Study

Question 28

Refers to the analysis of time, persons, places, and classes of people affected.

Answer 28

Distribution

Question 29

Characterizing health events by time, places, and person or activities.

Answer 29

Descriptive Epidemiology

Question 30

Identifying the causes and risk factors for diseases.

Answer 30

Determinants

Question 31

Include factors that influence health, biological chemical, physical, social, cultural, genetic, and behavioral.

Answer 31

Determinants

Question 32

Refers to diseases, causes of death, behaviors, such as the use of tobacco, positive health states, reactions to preventive regimes, and provision and use of health services.

Answer 32

Health-Related States and Events

Question 33

Include those with identifiable characteristics, such as occupational groups.

Answer 33

Specified Populations

Question 34

Most of the diseases are caused by interactions between.

Answer 34

Causation of the Disease

Question 35

Knowledge of the disease burden in population is essential for health authorities.

Answer 35

Health Status of the Population

Question 36

To use limited resources to the best possible effect by identifying priority health programs for prevention and care.

Answer 36

Health Status of the Population

Question 37

To evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of health services.

Answer 37

Evaluatation of Interventions

Question 38

Refers to collective actions to improve population health.

Answer 38

Public Health

Question 39

The unit of the study is the cases.

Answer 39

Clinical Medicine

Question 40

Is concerned with the disease in the individual patient.

Answer 40

Physician

Question 41

Is concerned with the disease pattern in the entire population.

Answer 41

Epidemiologist

Question 42

Seeks to diagnosis for which he derives prognosis and prescribes specific treatment.

Answer 42

Physician