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US History > EOC VOCAB > Flashcards

EOC VOCAB Flashcards

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1
Q

1870s-1890s; time period looked good on the outside, despite the currupt politics and growing gap between the rich and the power
Technological (second industry) revolution
Based on steel, railroads, electricity, oil-based products

A

Gilded Age

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2
Q

He was an American inventor that created the telephone

A

Alexander Graham Bell

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3
Q

American inventor best known for inventing the electric light bulb, acoustic recording on wax cylinders, and motion pictures

A

Thomas Edison

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4
Q

An economic system in which people are free to operate their businesses as they see fit, with little government interference

A

Free enterprise system

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5
Q

No government intervention in business

A

Laissez-Faire

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6
Q

A business that is owned by many investors

A

Corporation

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7
Q

A process for making steel more efficiently, patented in 1856

A

Bessemer Process

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8
Q

Accepting the risk of starting and running a business

A

Entrepreneurship

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9
Q

A market in which there are many buyers but only one seller

A

Monopoly

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10
Q

A business man that increased his power by gaining control of many different businesses that make up all phases of steel production development

A

Andrew Carnegie

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11
Q

Creator of Standard Oil Company who made a fortnite on it and joined with competing companies in trust agreements that in other words made a monopoly

A

John Rockerfeller

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12
Q

A negative term for business leaders that implied they built their fortunes by stealing from the public

A

Robber Baron

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13
Q

Corrupt organized groups that controlled political parties in the cities. A boss leads the machine and attempts to grab more votes for his party

A

Political Machines

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14
Q

Representative for or head of the political machine; gained votes for their parties by doing favors for people

A

Political Boss

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15
Q

The push factor involves a force which acts to drive people away from a place and the pull factor is what draws them to a new locations

A

Push and Pull factors

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16
Q

US citizens who opposed immigrations b/c they were suspicious of immigrants and feared losing jobs to them

A

Nativists

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17
Q

Children were viewed as laborers throughout the 19th century. Many children worked on farms, small businesses, mills and factories

A

Child Labor

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18
Q

An organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members

A

Labor Union

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19
Q

Times when workers refuse to work until owners improve conditions

A

Strikes

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20
Q

A notion held by nineteenth-century Americans that the United States was destined to rule the continent, from the Atlantic to the Pacific

A

Manifest Destiny

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21
Q

1862 - provided free land in the west as long as the person would settle there and make improvements in five years

A

Homestead Act

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22
Q

Completed in 1869 at Promontory, Utah. It linked the eastern railroad system with California’s railroad system, revolutionizing transportation in the west

A

Transcontinental Railroad

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23
Q

An immigrant receiving station that opened in 1892, where immigrants were given a medical examination and only allowed in if they were healthy

A

Ellis Island

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24
Q

A building in which several families rent rooms or apartments, often with little sanitation aloe safety

A

Tenement

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25
Q

Made appointments to federal jobs through a merit system based off candidates performance on an exam

A

Pendleton Civil Service Act

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26
Q

1882 - Denied any additional Chinese Laborers to enter the country while allowing students and merchants to immigrate

A

Chinese Exclusion Act

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27
Q

Time at the turn of the 20th century in which groups sought to reform American economically, socially, and politically

A

Progressive Era

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28
Q

US lawyer and politician who advocated free silver and prosecuted John Scopes (1925) for teaching evolution in a Tennessee High school

A

William Jennings Bryan

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29
Q

Third party political nonevent to address farmers’ plight

A

Populists

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30
Q

Cause to acquire and conform to American characteristics. For native Americans and Immigrants

A

Americanization

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31
Q

A policy in which a nation forces or encourages a subject people to adopt its institutions and customs

A

Assimilation

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32
Q

26th president of the US, known for conservation, trust-bearing, Hepburn Act, safe food regulations, “Square Deal”, Panama Canal

A

Theodore Roosevelt

33
Q

Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerated the mews to create sensations and attract readers

A

Yellow Journalism

34
Q

Yellow Journalism, imperialism, Spain brutality to the Cubans, explosion of the USS Maine

A

Causes of the Spanish American War

35
Q

In 1898, a conflict between the US and Spain, in which the US supported the Cubans’ fights for independence

A

Spanish American War

36
Q

Philippines, Puerto Rico and Guam became territories of the US. US became a world power

A

Result of Spanish American War

37
Q

A policy proposed by US in 1899x under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China

A

Open Door Policy

38
Q

A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially and economically

A

Imperialism

39
Q

A ship canal 40 miles long across the Istmus of Panama built by the US (1904-1914)

A

Panama Canal

40
Q

Foreign Policy idea by Taft to make countries dependent on the US by heavily investing in their economies

A

Dollar Diplomacy

41
Q

First US law to limit trusts and big business. Said that any trust that was purposefully restraining interstate trade was illegal

A

Sherman Anti-Trust Act

42
Q

Law passed to regulate railroad and other interstate businesses

A

Interstate Commerce Act

43
Q

Also known as the “Bull Moose Party”, this political party was formed by Theodore Roosevelt in an attempt to advance progressive ideas and unseat President William Howard Taft in the election of 1912

A

Progressive Party

44
Q

People have the right to propose a new law

A

Initiative

45
Q

A law passed by the legislature can be refrence to the people for approval/veto

A

Referendum

46
Q

The people can petition and vote to have an elected offical removed from office. These all made elected officials more responsible and sensitive to the needs of the people, and part of the movement to make government more efficient and scientific

A

Recall

47
Q

Muckraker who shocked the nation when he published THE JUNGLE, a novel about gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago. The book was fiction but based on the things Sinclair had seen

A

Upton Sinclair

48
Q

The act that prohibited the manufacture, sale or shipment of impure or falsely labels food and drugs

A

Pure Food and Drug Act

49
Q

A 1913 law that set up a system of federal banks and gave government the power to control the money supply

A

Federal Reserve Act

50
Q

Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages

A

18th Amendment

51
Q

Amendment to the US Constitution (1920) extended the right to vote to women in federal or state elections

A

19th Amendment

52
Q

Key leader of woman suffrage movement, social reformer who campaigned for women’s rights, the temperance, and was an abolitionist, helped form the National Woman Suffrage Association

A

Susan B. Anthony

53
Q

Supreme Court case that ruled that desperate-but-equal facilities for blacks and whites did not violate the constitution

A

Plessy v. Ferguson

54
Q

Believed that African American should strive for full rights immediately; founded the NAACP

A

W.E.B Du Bois

55
Q
  1. A system of alliances discuss Europe into two parts
  2. Nationalism was very prevalent in the countries of Europe
  3. Militarism or reliance on military strength
  4. Imperialism and the conquering of countries in Asia, South America, and Africa
  5. The assassination of Archduke Fracis Ferdinand by the Black Hand US Entry in WWI
    - 1915: Lusitania sunk by Germans (killed 125 Americans), President wilson sent ultimatum to Germans, they changed but reverted back to their ways in 1917. Zimmerman Telegram in 1917 was a trigger, then US declared war on Germany
A

Causes of WWI

56
Q

Law passed by Congress in 1917 that required all men form ages 21 to 30 to register for the military draft

A

Selective Service Act

57
Q

Fighting with trenches, mines and barbed wire. Horrible living conditions, great slaughter, no gains, stalemate, used in WWI

A

Trench Warfare

58
Q

General of the American Expeditionary Force in WWI

A

General John J. Pershing

59
Q

Airplanes, poisonous gas, tanks, machine guns, zeppelins, flamethrowers, barbed wire, submarines

A

WWI Technology

60
Q

A series of proposals in which US President Woodrow Wilson outlines a plan for achieving a lasting peace after WWI

A

Fourteen Points

61
Q

The treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied Powers in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans

A

Treaty of Versailles

62
Q

A world organization established in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace. It was first proposed in 1918 by President Woodrow Wilson, although the US never joined the League. Essentially powerless, it was officially dissolved in 1946

A

League of Nations

63
Q

movement of over 300,000 African Americans from the rural south into northern cities between 1915 and 1920

A

Great Migration

64
Q

Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause

A

Propaganda

65
Q

1918 law that made it illegal to criticize the govt

A

Sedition Act

66
Q

A national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs

A

Isolationism

67
Q

A social/political movement designed to prevent a socialist/communist/radical movement in this country by finding radicals incarcerating them, deporting them, and subverting their activities

A

Red Scare

68
Q

19th century belief that evolutionary ideas theorized by Charles Darwin could be applied to society

A

Social Darwinism

69
Q

Stands for Ku Klux Klan and started right after the Civil Warin 1866. Revived in the 1920s

A

KKK

70
Q

African American leader during the 1920s who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated mass migration of African Americans back to Africa

A

Marcus Garvey

71
Q

Nickname for the 1920s because of the booming economy and fast pace of life during that era

A

Roaring Twenties

72
Q

American businessman, founder of Ford Motor Company, father of modern assembly lines, and inventor credited with 161 patents

A

Henry Ford

73
Q

In a factory, an arrangement where a product is moved from worker to worker, with each person performing a single task in the making of that product

A

Assembly line

74
Q

A type of credit granted by retailers that is used by individuals or families for satisfaction of their own wants

A

Consumer Credit

75
Q

A style of dance music popular in the 1920s

A

Jazz

76
Q

A period in the 1920s when African American achievements in art and music and literature flourished

A

Harlem Renaissance

77
Q

The period from 1930 to 1933 when the sale of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the US by a constitutional amendment

A

Prohibition

78
Q

Carefree young women with short, bobbed hair, heavy makeup, and short skirts. The flapper symbolized the new liberated women of the 1920s

A

Flapper

79
Q

Completed the first non-stop solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean, traveling from New York to Paris

A

Charles Lindbergh

US History (4 decks)

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