EOC deck #3

Question 1

Appellate process

Answer 1

The process to have a higher court, review the result of a trial court, or lower court. The supreme court is mainly an appeals court.

Question 2

Ex post facto

Answer 2

Latin for in “after the fact.” Laws adopted after an act is committed, making it a illegal, although it was legal when done, or increases the penalty for a crime after it is committed. Search laws are specifically prohibited by the US Constitution.

Question 3

Habeas corpus

Answer 3

Court order that requires the government to bring a prisoner to court and explain why he or she is being held. 

Question 4

Independent judiciary

Answer 4

A justice system that is not influenced by either the legislative or executive branch. Free to make decisions based upon law, not upon men or pressure from other groups. Created to guarantee equal justice to all.

Question 5

Precedent

Answer 5

Hey, previous case for a legal decision that maybe or must be followed in future similar cases

Question 6

Summary judgment

Answer 6

A procedural device used during civil cases to promptly dispose of a case without a trial. It is used when there is no dispute as to the material facts of the case, and a party is entitled to judgment. The purpose of summary judgment is to avoid unnecessary trials

Question 7

Civil disobedience

Answer 7

Refusal to obey, governmental demands or commands, especially as a non-violent and usually collective group way of forcing the government to do or change something

Question 8

Economic freedom

Answer 8

The freedom to choose how to produce, sell, and use your own resources, while respecting others rights to do the same

Question 9

Internment

Answer 9

Imprisonment or confinement of people, commonly in large groups, without trial.

Question 10

Property rights

Answer 10

Authority to determine how I resources used, whether that resources owned by the government or it by individuals

Question 11

Civil rights act of 1964

Answer 11

Prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, religion, gender, or national origin and public accommodations, facilities, and schools. Prohibits discrimination, and federally funded projects.

Question 12

Civil rights act of 1968

Answer 12

This act provided for equal housing opportunities regardless of race, religion, gender, or national origin. Also known as the fair housing act

Question 13

13th amendment

Answer 13

Outlawed slavery in all states, and all lands governed by the United States

Question 14

14th amendment

Answer 14

Granted for citizenship to African-Americans. States, again, citizens cannot be deprived of rights without due process of law. Guarantees equal protection under the law.

Question 15

15th amendment

Answer 15

States that no one can be denied suffrage meaning the right to vote based on race or color

Question 16

19th amendment

Answer 16

Prohibits any United States citizens, from being denied the right to vote on the basis of gender

Question 17

24th amendment

Answer 17

Bans the use of poll taxes as a requirement for voting and national elections. Supreme Court interpretation, later, expands this to cover state elections as well.

Question 18

26th amendment

Answer 18

Lowered the voting age in all elections to 18

Question 19

Equal rights amendment

Answer 19

A proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal rights for women. Originally proposed in 1923. The amendment has been re-introduced in every session of Congress since 1982.

Question 20

States rights

Answer 20

Political powers reserved for the state governments and not the federal government

Question 21

Voting rights act of 1965

Answer 21

Design force the voting rights guaranteed by 15th amendment to the United States Constitution. Prohibits discrimination in voting. It is considered one of the most effective pieces of civil rights legislation ever enacted in the US.

Question 22

Marbury vs. Madison

Answer 22

Establishes the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review meaning, deciding whether laws passed by Congress are constitutional.

Question 23

Plessy versus Ferguson

Answer 23

“ Separate but equal” was constitutional. Uphold state laws requiring segregation.

Question 24

Brown versus board of education

Answer 24

Separation in the public schools is unconstitutional. Reverses the courts earlier position and segregationists it by Plessy V Ferguson

Question 25

Gideon V Wainwright

Answer 25

Establish free legal help for those who cannot otherwise afford representation in court