EOC deck#2 Flashcards
Common law
Type of law that develops from judges, previous decisions, and his followed in situation, is not covered by the statutory law
Sometimes also called caselaw
Juvenile law
An area of the law that deals with the actions of well-being of persons who are not yet adult
Citizenship
As defined by the 14th amendment, all who are born or naturalized in the United States, are citizens of the United States, and of the state they reside in
Naturalization
Legal process through which immigrant become a US citizen
You must be at least 18 years old, have a background checking, showing” good, moral character “ be fingerprinted, and passed tests on civics, US history, in English
Must take oath of allegiance to the United States
Law of blood
Idea that a persons nationality at birth is the same as that of his natural parents for example, if a child’s parents are American citizens traveling through France when they give birth to that child, the child is American 
Law of soil
Idea that the country of citizenship of a child is determined by its country of birth for example, in most cases, if a child was born on US land, but its parents are not US citizen. The child is still a US citizen.
Civic responsibility
Something that you should do as a citizen this can include participating in the democratic process, meaning voting, recycling, volunteering, or helping other citizens.
Civic duty
Hey, civic duty is something that each citizen owes their nation whether it’s serving on a jury, biting the law, registering for selective service, or paying taxes
Selective service
Hey, system for calling a People for compulsory meaning required military service.
First amendment
Protects five freedoms meaning, religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.
Second amendment
Protects the right to bear arms.
Third amendment
No soldiers will be quartered meaning housed without the consent of the owners during times of peace
Also protects home owners during times of war, unless required by law
Fourth amendment
Protects against unreasonable search, and seizure is without a warrant or probable cause
Fifth amendment
Before being tried for a serious crime, a grand jury must indicate meaning formally accused person of the crime, it protects against being tried for the same criminal offense twice, protects against self-incrimination, cannot be deprived of rights without due process of law, allows for eminent domain
Sixth amendment
Right to a prompt and public trial decided by jury a person must be informed of the charges against them can hear and question all witnesses, and have their own witnesses. Write a legal counsel, meaning attorney.
Seventh amendment
In cases involving money or property over $20, the right to a trial by jury is preserved
Eighth amendment
Protects against excessive bail and fines. Protects against cruel and unusual punishment
Ninth amendment
There are rights reserved to the people that are not listed in the constitution. Refers to the natural rights of people. Also called unenumerated rights. Does not spelled out in the constitution.
10th amendment
Powers that are not reserved to the federal government, nor prohibited to the states belong to the states or the people. Limits the power of the federal government.
Suffrage
The right of voting
Double Jeopardy
The act of putting a person through a second trial for an offense, for which he, or she has already been prosecuted or convicted. Prohibited by the fifth amendment.
Due process
The government has to follow rules and establish procedures and everything it does. This protection helps to ensure justice. Contained in the fifth amendment.
Eminent domain
Government power to take private property for public use without the owners consent. The fifth amendment requires the payment of just compensation to the owner.
Pleading the fifth
A persons refusal to answer a question on the ground, that the answer, my incriminate the person the right to this refusal is protected by the fifth amendment
