EOC deck#1 Flashcards
Montesquieu’s view on separation of powers
He describes a separation of political power among a legislator, an executive, and a judiciary 
John Locke, on the foundations of natural law in Natural, right
He wrote the government is morally obligated to serve people, namely, by protecting their natural rights of life, liberty, and property
Think-declaration of independence
John Lockes, social contract
HeyA that the state only exists to serve the will of people. He believes when government violates individual rights, people were obligated to rebel.
Think -declaration of independence or American revolution 
Magna Carta
First document to limit the powers of the king signed in 1215 citizens cannot be deprived of life, liberty or property, without a lawful judgment of their peers are by law of the land
Represented by the fifth amendment 
English bill of rights 1689
Establish trade him from taxation without representation, outlawed, cruel, and usual punishment, guaranteed the right to bear arms, and many other rights
Many of the same rights are included in the US Constitution 
Mayflower, compact 1620
First document established self government in the colonies
Think self government 
Common sense by Thomas Paine
Pamphlet, encouraging colonists to demand their rights as citizens and support independence for the colonies. Ideas are echoed from the declaration of independence. 
Self government
Government or control of a country by its own members, rather than members of a different country
Declaration of independence
Statement of American ideals, roll of government is to protect their natural rights(life, liberty, pursuit of happiness) adopted July 4, 1776
Also, listed grievances against the king colonists were angry over being taxed without their consent (no taxation without representation)
Assent
Official approval or agreement
Tyranny
Cruel and oppressive government or rule
Shays rebellion
Protest by Massachusetts farmers, over tax collections and judgments for debt. States militia crushed the rebels.
Alarmed politicians cited as a reason to revise replaced the articles of confederation
Articles of confederation
First form of government for America
How many weaknesses
Preamble to the constitution
Introduction to the US Constitution establishing the goals and purposes of government
“ We the people” = government depends on the people for its power, and exist to serve them
Set up the six goals of government.
Constitutional government
Any government use authority and construction are defined by constitution
Separation of powers
Powers of government are divided, among the three branches of government, legislative, executive, and judicial.
Limits the power of government
Montesquieu, a French philosopher believed this was a way to ensure liberty
Checks and balances
Each governmental branch has powers to limit the other branches
Keeps the balance of power relatively equal between the
Montesquieu a French philosopher believed this was a way to ensure liberty
Federalist
Supporters of the constitution, who believe a strong national government is needed to keep the country united
Publish the Federalist papers to gain support for the constitution
Anti-federalists
Feared by a strong federal government has created by the constitution
Did not believe it would protect states rights nor peoples freedom
As the constitution is ratified, they push for a bill of rights to protect individual liberties
Bill of Rights
First 10 amendments to the US Constitution details, the specific freedoms that belong to each American citizen
Rule of law
No one is above the law
Foundation of liberty in the United States, and it protects us from Tairney constitution = limited government 
Civil law
Group of laws that referred to disputes among people or organizations
Criminal law
Group of laws that defined what acts activities are crimes
Constitutional law
Based on the constitution and on supreme court decisions, interpreting the constitution
 Statutory law
Laws that are passed by a law, making body such as Congress
Most criminal and mini civil laws are also these types of laws
Military law
Governs the behavior of men and women, in all branches of the US Armed Forces
