Enzymes + Digestion 3 Flashcards
What enzyme hydrolyses lipids, and where is it produced
Lipases hydrolyse lipids, and are produced in the pancreas
What bond do lipases hydrolyse in lipids?
The ester bond in triglycerides
What are the products of lipid hydrolysis by lipases?
Fatty acids and monoglycerides
What is a monoglyceride?
A glycerol molecule with a single fatty acid attached
What is the role of bile salts in lipid digestion, and where are they produced??
They break lipids into tiny droplets called micelles, which are produced in the liver
What is the process of breaking lipids into micelles called?
Why is this process important?
Emulsification; important because it increases the surface area of lipids, speeding up lipase action
What type of enzyme hydrolyses proteins?
Peptidases (proteases)
What are the three types of peptidases?
Endopeptidases, exopeptidases and dipeptidases
What do endopeptidases do?
They hydrolyse peptide bonds in the central region of a protein, breaking it into smaller peptide molecules
What do exopeptidases do?
They hydrolyse peptide bonds at the ends of the peptide chains, releasing dipeptides and single amino acids
What do dipeptidases do?
They hydrolyse the peptide bond in a dipeptide, producing two amino acids
Where are dipeptidases found?
They are membrane - bound in the cell - surface membrane of the epithelial cells lining the ileum
